Optimising resolution and improvement strategies for emerging geodatabases in developing countries
Optimising resolution and improvement strategies for emerging geodatabases in developing countries
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发展中国家新兴地理数据库的优化分辨率和改进策略
DOI：
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发表时间：
2018
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
A. Sextos
中科院分区：
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作者：
Charlotte E. L. Gilder;R. Risi;F. Luca;P. J. Vardanega;E. Holcombe;P. Ayoubi;D. Asimaki;R. Pokhrel;A. Sextos
地震灾害评估需要岩土和地质数据，为地震风险管理和恢复力工程设计提供信息。本文回顾了发展中国家关于定义前30米土壤中剪切波速度的典型信息(VS30)。本文旨在确定与VS30地图的定义有关的不同数据源的最佳分辨率，并确定新的现场调查(即新的井眼)的本地化的最佳策略。发展中国家普遍缺乏高质量的存档数据，缺乏系统的资金来源，这使得本研究的范围具有挑战性，不同于发达国家通常使用的地质和岩土技术方法。在这方面，还讨论了在评估VS30时辅助性使用经验相关性，以此作为确定发展中国家具有成本效益的调查战略的一种手段。尼泊尔的加德满都盆地是一个具有代表性的案例。对布里斯托尔大学牵头的尼泊尔学校地震安全和复原力项目SAFER中收集的初步数据进行了严格的分析，以确定(1)地理数据库层的关键分辨率(例如，数字高程模型)和(2)进行旨在提高盆地VS30模型质量的新钻孔测试的最佳位置。为尼泊尔概述的办法也适用于发展中世界的其他地震多发地区。
Geotechnical and geological data are needed for the seismic hazard assessments that inform earthquake risk management and resilient engineering design. This paper reviews information typical of that available in developing countries for the definition of the shear wave velocity in the first 30 meters of soil (VS30). This paper aims to determine optimal resolutions for different data sources in relation to the definition of VS30 maps and the identification of an optimal strategy for localisation of new site investigations (i.e., new boreholes). The context of developing countries, being characterised by endemic lack of high-quality archived data and lack of systematic financial sources, makes the scope of the study challenging and different from the geological and geotechnical approaches typically used in developed countries. Within this context, the auxiliary employment of empirical correlations for the evaluation of VS30 is also discussed as a means of defining cost-effective investigation strategies for developing countries. The Kathmandu Basin in Nepal is used as a representative case study. Preliminary data collected within the University of Bristol led project SAFER Seismic Safety and Resilience of Schools in Nepal are critically analysed to the aim of identifying (i) the critical resolution for geodatabase layers (e.g., the digital elevation model) and (ii) the best location for new borehole tests aimed at improving the quality of the VS30 model for the Basin. The approach outlined for Nepal is applicable to other seismic prone areas in the developing world.