Viral evasion of DNA-stimulated innate immune responses.

Viral evasion of DNA-stimulated innate immune responses.
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DOI:
10.1038/cmi.2016.06
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发表时间:
2017-01
影响因子:
24.1
通讯作者:
--
中科院分区:
医学1区
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--
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病毒来源的核酸的细胞传感对于早期防御病毒感染至关重要。近年来,DNA 传感蛋白,包括环 GMP-AMP 合酶 (cGAS) 和 γ-干扰素诱导蛋白 (IFI16) 的发现,使人们了解细胞如何针对携带 DNA 基因组的传入病原体引发强烈的先天免疫反应。 DNA 传感器刺激的信号传导依赖于接头蛋白 STING(干扰素基因刺激剂),以实现包括 I 型干扰素在内的抗病毒蛋白的表达。为了促进有效的感染,病毒已经进化出多种针对宿主 DNA 传感器、衔接蛋白和转录因子的逃避策略。在这篇综述中,介绍了有关病毒诱导的 STING 通路激活的最新文献,并讨论了最近确定的针对该抗病毒通路中不同步骤的病毒逃避机制。
Cellular sensing of virus-derived nucleic acids is essential for early defenses against virus infections. In recent years, the discovery of DNA sensing proteins, including cyclic GMP–AMP synthase (cGAS) and gamma-interferon-inducible protein (IFI16), has led to understanding of how cells evoke strong innate immune responses against incoming pathogens carrying DNA genomes. The signaling stimulated by DNA sensors depends on the adaptor protein STING (stimulator of interferon genes), to enable expression of antiviral proteins, including type I interferon. To facilitate efficient infections, viruses have evolved a wide range of evasion strategies, targeting host DNA sensors, adaptor proteins and transcription factors. In this review, the current literature on virus-induced activation of the STING pathway is presented and we discuss recently identified viral evasion mechanisms targeting different steps in this antiviral pathway.
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