Stirring the porphyrin alphabet soup--functionalization reactions for porphyrins.
Stirring the porphyrin alphabet soup--functionalization reactions for porphyrins.
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DOI：
10.1039/c0cc03984e
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发表时间：
2011-02
影响因子：
4.9
通讯作者：
M. Senge
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
M. Senge
新的全合成方法和卟啉功能化方法的发展是不对称中位取代卟啉合成研究的重要进展。这些方法已经取代了早期的混合缩合反应，并提供了几乎任何所需的meso取代的卟啉的合成途径。它们包括完整系列的卟啉同系物和具有烷基或芳基残基的A（x）系列的区域异构体，以及ABCD型发色团的许多例子。这些合成是基于经典的官能化反应，在S（N）Ar反应中使用有机锂试剂，以及用Pd、Ni、Cr、Ru、B和Sn催化的有机金属反应的组合。这篇专题文章介绍了我们在过去十年中开发的A（x）型和ABCD型卟啉的合成方法，以及它们作为光学材料和光敏剂的应用。
Advances in the synthesis of unsymmetrically meso substituted porphyrins are based on the development of new total syntheses and porphyrin functionalization methods. These methods have replaced earlier mixed condensation reactions and give synthetic access to almost any desired meso-substituted porphyrin. They include the complete series of porphyrin homologues and regioisomers of the A(x)-series with either alkyl or aryl residues, and numerous examples of ABCD-type chromophores. The syntheses are based on a combination of classic functionalization reactions, the use of organolithium reagents in S(N)Ar reactions, and organometallic reactions with Pd, Ni, Cr, Ru, B, and Sn catalysis. This feature article gives an account of our work in the past decade to develop synthetic methods for the A(x)- and ABCD-type porphyrins and their use as optical materials and photosensitizers.