Temperature influence on the development and loss of seawater tolerance in two fast-growing strains of Atlantic salmon
Temperature influence on the development and loss of seawater tolerance in two fast-growing strains of Atlantic salmon
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DOI：
10.1016/j.aquaculture.2003.08.028
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发表时间：
2004-04-26
期刊：
影响因子：
4.5
通讯作者：
Stefansson, SO
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Handeland, SO;Wilkinson, E;Stefansson, SO
采用 2 x 3 析因设计，采用三种温度（12.0、8.9 摄氏度和环境温度 2.4-11.9 摄氏度，平均值：6.0 摄氏度）和两种养殖的小鲑鱼品系（Mowi 和 AquaGen），研究了大西洋鲑鱼在小鲑鱼转化过程中低渗透调节能力、鳃 Na+、K+-ATP 酶活性、条件因素和生长的发展。淡水温度对低渗透压调节能力和鳃Na+,K+-ATP酶活性的发育有显着影响。在 12.0 摄氏度饲养的小鲑鱼中，鳃 Na+,K+-ATP 酶活性在 4 月下旬达到最大，而 8.9 摄氏度组和环境组分别为 5 月底和 6 月中旬。在所有组中，在与小鲑相关的酶活性增加开始后（3 月 30 日）350 度天（d 摄氏度），可见鳃 Na+,K+-ATP 酶活性达到峰值。高酶活性期（> 最大值的 90%）持续约 250 d 摄氏度。在环境温度下，AquaGen 菌株中未观察到鳃 Na+、K+-ATP 酶活性的明显峰值水平。气温升高也会加速低渗透压调节能力的丧失。在所有组中，鳃 Na+,K+-ATP 酶活性在计算峰值水平后约 500 d ℃ 达到幼龄前水平。淡水中的生长速率受到菌株、温度及其相互作用的影响，在 8.9 摄氏度和环境温度下，Mowi 菌株表现出比 AquaGen 菌株更高的生长速率。转移到海水中后，Mowi 菌株的小鲑鱼的生长速率比环境温度条件下的 AquaGen 菌株的生长速率更高。温度会影响两种品系中小鲑鱼特征的发育和丧失，并对海水中小鲑鱼后的性能产生长期影响。 (C) 2004 Elsevier B.V. 保留所有权利。
Development of hypo-osmoregulatory ability, gill Na+,K+-ATPase activity, condition factor and growth in Atlantic salmon during parr-smolt transformation was studied in a 2 x 3 factorial design with three temperatures (12.0, 8.9 degreesC and ambient, 2.4-11.9 degreesC, mean: 6.0 degreesC) and two farmed strains of smolts (Mowi and AquaGen). The development of hypo-osmoregulatory ability and gill Na+,K+-ATPase activity were significantly influenced by freshwater temperature. In smolts raised at 12.0 degreesC, maximum gill Na+,K+-ATPase activity was reached in late April, compared with late May and mid-June in the 8.9 degreesC and ambient groups, respectively. In all groups, peak gill Na+,K+-ATPase activity was seen 350 degree days (d degreesC) after the onset of the smolt-related increase in enzyme activity (30 March) The period of high enzyme activity (>90% of maximum) lasted approximately 250 d degreesC. No distinct peak level in gill Na+, K+-ATPase activity was seen in the AquaGen strain at ambient temperature. Elevated temperatures also accelerated the loss of hypo-osmoregulatory capacity. In all groups, gill Na+,K+-ATPase activity reached pre-smolt levels approximately 500 d degreesC after the calculated peak level. Growth rate in freshwater was influenced by strain, temperature and their interaction, with the Mowi strain showing a higher growth rate than the AquaGen strain at 8.9 degreesC and ambient temperatures. Following transfer to seawater, a higher growth rate was recorded in smolts from the Mowi strain than the AquaGen strain from the ambient temperature regime. Temperature influences the development and loss of smolt characteristics in both strains, and has long-term effects on post-smolt performance in seawater. (C) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.