Psychosocial Factors and Central Sensitivity Syndromes
Psychosocial Factors and Central Sensitivity Syndromes
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DOI：
10.2174/1573397111666150619095330
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发表时间：
2015-01-01
影响因子：
1.5
通讯作者：
Turk, Dennis C.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Adams, Leah M.;Turk, Dennis C.
中枢敏感综合征（CSS）代表一组异质性疾病（例如，纤维肌痛（FM）、肠易激综合征（IBS）、慢性头痛、颞下颌关节紊乱病（TMDs）、骨盆疼痛综合征（pelvic pain syndromes），它们具有许多共同的症状，其中持续性疼痛是最突出的特征。鉴于目前还没有已知的治愈CSS的方法，患有这些疾病的人必须学会在一生中科普和管理他们的症状。单靠医疗干预并不足以帮助CSS患者控制症状。一个生物心理社会的角度，认为生物，心理和社会因素的独立和共同影响一个人的经验的方式是最有效的概念化和指导有效的治疗。在这篇文章中，我们讨论了几个心理和社会特征，可能会影响一个人的经验与CSS和他们的症状管理，无论他们的具体诊断。我们强调的纵向方面的调整，以疾病，心理社会因素之间的区别，作为症状的原因与修饰剂和永久的症状，消除的概念，即所有患者具有相同的诊断是一个同质的群体（“病人的一致性神话”），并承认环境和情境的重要性，对个人的症状管理与任何CSS。
Central sensitivity syndromes (CSSs) represent a heterogeneous group of disorders (e.g., fibromyalgia [FM], irritable bowel syndrome [IBS], chronic headache, temporomandibular disorders [TMDs], pelvic pain syndromes) that share many common symptoms, with persistent pain being the most prominent feature.Although the etiology and pathophysiology of CSSs are currently incompletely understood, central sensitization has emerged as one of the significant mechanisms. Given that there are currently no known cures for CSSs, people living with these disorders must learn to cope with and manage their symptoms throughout their lives. Medical interventions alone have not proven to be sufficient for helping people with CSSs manage their symptoms. A biopsychosocial perspective that considers the ways that biological, psychological, and social factors work independently and jointly to affect a person's experience is the most effective conceptualization and guide for effective treatment. In this article, we discuss several psychological and social features that may influence the experience of a person with CSS and their symptom management, regardless of their specific diagnosis. We highlight the longitudinal aspect of adjustment to illness, the distinction between psychosocial factors as causes of symptoms versus modifiers and perpetuators of symptoms, dispel the notion that all patients with the same diagnosis are a homogeneous group (the "patient-uniformity myth"), and acknowledge the importance of environmental and situational context on symptom management for individuals with any CSS.