Cortical gradients of functional connectivity are robust to state-dependent changes following sleep deprivation
Cortical gradients of functional connectivity are robust to state-dependent changes following sleep deprivation
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DOI：
10.1016/j.neuroimage.2020.117547
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发表时间：
2021-02-01
期刊：
影响因子：
5.7
通讯作者：
Thien Thanh Dang-Vu
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Cross, Nathan;Paquola, Casey;Thien Thanh Dang-Vu
睡眠剥夺会导致认知能力的显著损害，并改变大规模皮层网络之间的相互作用，但皮层活动跨状态的层次组织仍在探索中。我们使用功能性磁共振成像来评估20名健康年轻人在三种状态下进行认知任务时的激活和连接：（i）正常睡眠后，（ii）24小时完全睡眠剥夺后，（iii）早晨恢复午睡后。基于功能连接模式的相似性，我们沿着层次组织梯度定位认知任务过程中的皮层活动，发现任务激活的区域变化被一个轴捕获，该轴将参与执行控制的区域与默认模式区域和边缘皮层区分开来。在整体信号回归之后，在基线时沿着该轴的功能分化的范围沿着与睡眠剥夺之后的工作记忆表现（2-back任务）的下降以及午睡之后的表现恢复的程度显著相关。梯度内的皮层区域的相对位置并没有显着改变跨状态，除了一个较小的分化的视觉系统和增加耦合后扣带皮层与执行控制区睡眠剥夺后。尽管在睡眠剥夺后，大脑皮层的功能连接程度普遍增加。因此，皮层梯度的功能分化出现相对不敏感的状态依赖性变化后，睡眠剥夺和恢复，这表明有没有大规模的变化，在皮层功能组织的警觉状态。特定梯度轴的某些特征可以为睡眠剥夺后更复杂任务的性能下降程度提供信息，并且在识别状态依赖性大脑活动和行为之间的关系方面可能比传统的基于体素或基于包裹的方法更有益。
Sleep deprivation leads to significant impairments in cognitive performance and changes to the interactions between large scale cortical networks, yet the hierarchical organization of cortical activity across states is still being explored. We used functional magnetic resonance imaging to assess activations and connectivity during cognitive tasks in 20 healthy young adults, during three states: (i) following a normal night of sleep, (ii) following 24hr of total sleep deprivation, and (iii) after a morning recovery nap. Situating cortical activity during cognitive tasks along hierarchical organizing gradients based upon similarity of functional connectivity patterns, we found that regional variations in task-activations were captured by an axis differentiating areas involved in executive control from default mode regions and paralimbic cortex. After global signal regression, the range of functional differentiation along this axis at baseline was significantly related to decline in working memory performance (2-back task) following sleep deprivation, as well as the extent of recovery in performance following a nap. The relative positions of cortical regions within gradients did not significantly change across states, except for a lesser differentiation of the visual system and increased coupling of the posterior cingulate cortex with executive control areas after sleep deprivation. This was despite a widespread increase in the magnitude of functional connectivity across the cortex following sleep deprivation. Cortical gradients of functional differentiation thus appear relatively insensitive to state-dependent changes following sleep deprivation and recovery, suggesting that there are no large-scale changes in cortical functional organization across vigilance states. Certain features of particular gradient axes may be informative for the extent of decline in performance on more complex tasks following sleep deprivation, and could be beneficial over traditional voxel- or parcel-based approaches in identifying realtionships between state-dependent brain activity and behavior.