Improving executive function using transcranial infrared laser stimulation.
Improving executive function using transcranial infrared laser stimulation.
复制标题
使用经颅红外激光刺激改善执行功能。
DOI：
10.1111/jnp.12074
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发表时间：
2017-03
影响因子：
2.2
通讯作者：
Gonzalez-Lima F
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Blanco NJ;Maddox WT;Gonzalez-Lima F
经颅红外激光刺激是一种新的非侵入性低强度光疗法，可能具有广泛的神经心理学应用。它需要使用来自激光的低功率和高能量密度红外光来增加代谢能量。临床前工作表明，这种干预可以增加皮质代谢能量，从而改善大鼠额叶皮质的记忆功能。发现经颅激光刺激可以增强人类的持续注意力和短期记忆。我们将这一工作范围扩展到执行职能。具体来说，我们询问经颅激光刺激是否可以增强威斯康星卡片分类任务（WCST）的表现，该任务被认为是执行功能的黄金标准，但在正常衰老和许多神经心理疾病中会受到损害。我们使用特定波长（1064 nm）的激光来光刺激细胞色素氧化酶，这种酶催化氧气消耗以产生代谢能量。细胞色素氧化酶活性的增加被认为是这种干预的主要作用机制。与安慰剂对照组相比，接受激光治疗的参与者犯的错误更少，并且表现出更好的转移能力。这些结果表明，经颅激光刺激可以改善执行功能，并且可能具有治疗或预防神经心理疾病或正常衰老引起的缺陷的令人兴奋的潜力。
Transcranial infrared laser stimulation is a new non-invasive form of low-level light therapy that may have a wide range of neuropsychological applications. It entails using low-power and high-energy density infrared light from lasers to increase metabolic energy. Preclinical work showed that this intervention can increase cortical metabolic energy, thereby improving frontal cortex-based memory function in rats. discovered that transcranial laser stimulation can enhance sustained attention and short-term memory in humans. We extend this line of work to executive function. Specifically, we ask whether transcranial laser stimulation enhances performance in the Wisconsin Card Sorting Task (WCST) that is considered the gold-standard of executive function and is compromised in normal aging and a number of neuropsychological disorders. We used a laser of a specific wavelength (1064 nm) that photostimulates cytochrome oxidase—the enzyme catalyzing oxygen consumption for metabolic energy production. Increased cytochrome oxidase activity is considered the primary mechanism of action of this intervention. Participants who received laser treatment made fewer errors and showed improved set-shifting ability relative to placebo controls. These results suggest that transcranial laser stimulation improves executive function and may have exciting potential for treating or preventing deficits resulting from neuropsychological disorders or normal aging.