Protestant-Catholic Divisions in Europe and the United States: An Historical and Comparative Perspective
Protestant-Catholic Divisions in Europe and the United States: An Historical and Comparative Perspective
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欧洲和美国的新教与天主教分歧：历史和比较的视角
DOI：
10.1080/21567689.2011.596411
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发表时间：
2011
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Wolffe J
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Wolffe J
文章开篇强调了1901年维多利亚女王去世后新教情绪的表达与2001年9/11袭击后的伊斯兰恐惧症之间的相似之处。新教-天主教冲突的历史本身就值得关注，因为它为理解北大西洋和欧洲世界的持久紧张局势提供了背景，并且因为它建议与当代基督教和伊斯兰教之间的“文明冲突”进行比较。着眼于十九世纪，反天主教的多样性进行了探讨，并特别注意与福音派联盟的新教国际主义的发展，与天主教国际主义的教皇。在大西洋两岸，新教有时是民族主义和对抗性的，这种倾向一直持续到现在，尽管通常是以世俗化的形式。但与此同时，新教也激发了一种“多样性中的统一”模式，这一模式在美国宪法实践的调解下，可能有助于促进欧洲对更广泛的宗教多元化的接受。
The article opens by highlighting the parallels between expressions of Protestant feeling in the aftermath of the death of Queen Victoria in 1901 and Islamophobia in the wake of the 9/11 attacks of 2001. The history of Protestant–Catholic conflict is worthy of attention both in its own right, because it provides context for understanding enduring tensions in the North Atlantic and European worlds, and because it suggests comparisons with the contemporary perceived ‘clash of civilizations’ between Christianity and Islam. Focusing on the nineteenth century, the diversity of anti-Catholicism is explored, and particular attention given to the development of the Protestant internationalism associated with the Evangelical Alliance, contrasted with the Catholic internationalism of the Papacy. On both sides of the Atlantic, Protestantism has sometimes been nationalistic and confrontational, tendencies which have persisted to the present, albeit normally in secularized forms. At the same time though, Protestantism has also inspired a model of ‘unity in diversity’, mediated by American constitutional practice, which may prove helpful in furthering European acceptance of wider religious pluralism.