Effects of cumulated outdoor activity on wildlife habitat use
Effects of cumulated outdoor activity on wildlife habitat use
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DOI：
10.1016/j.biocon.2020.108818
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发表时间：
2021-01-16
影响因子：
5.9
通讯作者：
Cagnacci, Francesca
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Corradini, Andrea;Randles, Matthias;Cagnacci, Francesca
人类通过直接竞争空间来深刻地影响动物的分布，不仅改变，而且积极利用它们的栖息地。人为干扰通常是通过基础设施和土地利用等结构性指标来衡量的，这些指标忽略了人类存在或功能干扰的影响。在这项研究中，我们提出了一种方法，将人类活动和动物活动两个范式统一起来，以填补这一空白。我们开发了一种新的空间显式的人类干扰指数，累积户外活动指数(COI)，并用来自相机陷阱的地面实况观测进行了验证(r=+0.63p<；0.001)。建立在彼得斯等人之前工作的基础上。(2015年，Biol.反对意见。186,123-133)，我们使用资源选择分析来评估不同形式的人为干扰对栖息地选择的相对概率的影响。COI强度是功能性人为干扰的有效衡量指标，在预测熊的栖息地利用方面优于所有替代的和常用的结构干扰替代指标。我们的预测表明，由于人类大量使用其他合适的栖息地，棕熊的生态位正在缩小。这些限制可能会限制熊建立一个可行的阿尔卑斯山-迪纳瑞克集合种群的潜在范围扩展。人类与野生动物共存的终结性保护和未来土地利用规划应考虑到人类在景观中的功能性存在。拟议的COI可以帮助确定应在哪里实施缓解措施。
Humans profoundly affect animal distributions by directly competing for space, not only transforming, but actively using their habitat. Anthropogenic disturbance is usually measured via structural proxies such as infrastructure and land use that overlook the impact of human presence, or functional disturbance. In this study, we propose a methodology unifying two paradigms, human mobility and animal movement, to fill this gap. We developed a novel spatially-explicit index of anthropic disturbance, the Cumulative Outdoor activity Index (COI), and validated it with ground truth observations derived from camera trapping (r = +0.63, p < 0.001). Building on previous work from Peters et al. (2015, Biol. Cons. 186, 123-133) on a Critically Endangered brown bear population in the Alps, we used Resource Selection Analysis to assess the influence of different forms of anthropogenic disturbance on the relative probability of habitat selection. The intensity of COI provided an effective measure of functional anthropogenic disturbance, and it outperformed all alternative and commonly-used proxies of structural disturbance in predicting bear habitat use. Our predictions suggest that brown bear shrinks its ecological niche as a consequence of intense human use of otherwise suitable habitat. These constraints may limit the potential range expansion of bears to establish a viable Alpine-Dinaric metapopulation. Conclusive conservation and future land use planning towards human-wildlife coexistence should account for the functional presence of humans on the landscape. The proposed COI could help determine where mitigation measures should be enforced.