Ubiquitin ligases in oncogenic transformation and cancer therapy.

Ubiquitin ligases in oncogenic transformation and cancer therapy.
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DOI:
10.1038/nrc.2017.105
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发表时间:
2018-03
期刊:
Nature reviews. Cancer
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Ronai ZA
Ronai ZA
中科院分区:
其他
文献类型:
--
作者:
Senft D;Qi J;Ronai ZA

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细胞对外部应激信号和 DNA 损伤的反应取决于泛素连接酶 (E3) 的活性,它调节许多细胞过程,包括稳态、代谢和细胞周期进程。 E3 以时间和空间调节的方式识别蛋白质底物、与蛋白质底物相互作用并使其泛素化。泛素链的拓扑结构决定了底物的命运,标记它们被蛋白酶体识别和降解,或者改变它们的亚细胞定位或组装成功能复合物。遗传和表观遗传的改变都是癌症中 E3 失调的原因。因此,E3底物的稳定性和/或活性也发生改变,在某些情况下导致肿瘤抑制活性下调和致癌活性上调。更好地了解 E3 在肿瘤发生中的调节和功能机制有望识别新的预后标志物并促进下一代抗癌疗法的开发。本综述总结了所选 E3 的致癌和肿瘤抑制作用,并强调了治疗干预的新机会。
The cellular response to external stress signals and DNA damage depends on the activity of ubiquitin ligases (E3s), which regulate numerous cellular processes, including homeostasis, metabolism and cell cycle progression. E3s recognize, interact with and ubiquitylate protein substrates in a temporally and spatially regulated manner. The topology of the ubiquitin chains dictates the fate of the substrates, marking them for recognition and degradation by the proteasome or altering their subcellular localization or assembly into functional complexes. Both genetic and epigenetic alterations account for the deregulation of E3s in cancer. Consequently, the stability and/or activity of E3 substrates are also altered, in some cases leading to downregulation of tumour-suppressor activities and upregulation of oncogenic activities. A better understanding of the mechanisms underlying E3 regulation and function in tumorigenesis is expected to identify novel prognostic markers and to enable the development of the next generation of anticancer therapies. This Review summarizes the oncogenic and tumour-suppressor roles of selected E3s and highlights novel opportunities for therapeutic intervention.
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