Carbonate Mineral Formation under the Influence of Limestone-Colonizing Actinobacteria: Morphology and Polymorphism.
Carbonate Mineral Formation under the Influence of Limestone-Colonizing Actinobacteria: Morphology and Polymorphism.
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沙漠糖丝菌
DOI：
10.3389/fmicb.2016.00366
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发表时间：
2016
影响因子：
5.2
通讯作者：
Lian B
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Cao C;Jiang J;Sun H;Huang Y;Tao F;Lian B
微生物及其生物矿化过程在地球上几乎每一个环境中都很普遍。在这项工作中，从石灰岩上的微生物垫上分离到的一株优势嗜石性放线杆菌Luptomyces luteogriseus DHS C014被用来研究其潜在的生物矿化作用，以便更好地了解细菌对自然界碳酸盐成矿作用的贡献。采用碳铵自由漂移法，对该菌株的菌丝粒、培养上清液和培养废液进行了分离。矿物学分析表明，六方柱方解石只存在于菌丝体颗粒的亚表面，这是一种由微生物介导的新形态。在废旧培养物存在的情况下出现半球形球泡石，这主要是由于矿化过程中可溶性微生物产物(SMP)的影响。在使用培养上清液时，放线菌菌丝体倾向于使用甜甜圈状的球状球石，这在以往的研究中尚未被捕获。我们的分析表明，菌丝体颗粒作为分子模板的作用在晶体成核和生长方面几乎都优于SMP，与生物活性无关。由此可见，嗜石性放线杆菌S.luteogriseus DHS C014具有良好的遗传代谢和丝状结构，具有良好的生物矿化能力，可能在局部微环境中具有生物碳酸盐的地质活性潜力。
Microorganisms and their biomineralization processes are widespread in almost every environment on earth. In this work, Streptomyces luteogriseus DHS C014, a dominant lithophilous actinobacteria isolated from microbial mats on limestone rocks, was used to investigate its potential biomineralization to allow a better understanding of bacterial contributions to carbonate mineralization in nature. The ammonium carbonate free-drift method was used with mycelium pellets, culture supernatant, and spent culture of the strain. Mineralogical analyses showed that hexagonal prism calcite was only observed in the sub-surfaces of the mycelium pellets, which is a novel morphology mediated by microbes. Hemispheroidal vaterite appeared in the presence of spent culture, mainly because of the effects of soluble microbial products (SMP) during mineralization. When using the culture supernatant, doughnut-like vaterite was favored by actinobacterial mycelia, which has not yet been captured in previous studies. Our analyses suggested that the effects of mycelium pellets as a molecular template almost gained an advantage over SMP both in crystal nucleation and growth, having nothing to do with biological activity. It is thereby convinced that lithophilous actinobacteria, S. luteogriseus DHS C014, owing to its advantageous genetic metabolism and filamentous structure, showed good biomineralization abilities, maybe it would have geoactive potential for biogenic carbonate in local microenvironments.