Preparedness and Preventive Behaviors for a Pandemic Disaster Caused by COVID-19 in Serbia
Preparedness and Preventive Behaviors for a Pandemic Disaster Caused by COVID-19 in Serbia
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DOI：
10.3390/ijerph17114124
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发表时间：
2020-06-01
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Zecevic, Miodrag
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Cvetkovic, Vladimir M.;Nikolic, Neda;Zecevic, Miodrag
冠状病毒病2019 （COVID-19）是由严重急性呼吸系统综合征冠状病毒2引起的传染病。该疾病于2019年12月首次在中国湖北省省会武汉被发现，此后蔓延至全球，特别是欧洲和北美，导致2019-2020年全球冠状病毒大流行灾难。虽然大多数病例症状轻微，但也有一些进展为病毒性肺炎和多器官衰竭和死亡。截至2020年4月19日，216个国家和地区已登记了460多万例病例，导致31.1万多人死亡。疾病继续广泛传播的社区面临的风险取决于病毒的特征，包括病毒在人与人之间传播的程度；疾病的严重程度;以及控制病毒影响的现有医疗或其他措施（例如，可以治疗该疾病的疫苗或药物）以及这些措施的相对成功程度。在没有疫苗或药物的情况下，基于人与人之间保持距离、戴口罩、隔离和良好个人卫生（洗手）等社区干预措施的非药物干预措施是最重要的应对策略，所有这些措施都已被证明可以减少这种看似不可阻挡的全球蔓延的自然灾害的影响。本文介绍了关于塞尔维亚公民对冠状病毒病（COVID-19）引起的灾害的准备水平的定量研究结果。该调查是通过一份问卷进行的，该问卷是在2020年4月的灾难期间在网上收集的，共有975名受访者。该问卷调查了塞尔维亚共和国公民的基本社会经济和人口特征、他们的知识、准备、风险认知以及个人和社区为防止2019年新型冠状病毒病的死亡和广泛传播而采取的预防措施。基于公众对COVID-19等传染病威胁带来的风险的认知存在重大差异的调查结果，应急管理机构应利用这些差异制定有针对性的战略，通过促进行为改变和改进风险管理决策来加强社区和国家的准备工作。
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is an infectious disease caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2. The disease was first detected in Wuhan, the capital of China's Hubei province, in December 2019 and has since spread globally, especially to Europe and North America, resulting in the ongoing global coronavirus pandemic disaster of 2019-2020. Although most cases have mild symptoms, there is some progression to viral pneumonia and multi-organ failure and death. More than 4.6 million cases have been registered across 216 countries and territories as of 19 April 2020, resulting in more than 311,000 deaths. Risk to communities with continued widespread disease transmission depends on characteristics of the virus, including how well it spreads between people; the severity of resulting illness; and the medical or other measures available to control the impact of the virus (for example, vaccines or medications that can treat the illness) and the relative success of these. In the absence of vaccines or medications, non-pharmaceutical interventions were the most important response strategy based on community interventions such as person-to-person distancing, mask-wearing, isolation and good personal hygiene (hand-washing)-all of which have been demonstrated can reduce the impact of this seemingly unstoppable globally spreading natural disaster. This paper presents the results of quantitative research regarding the level of citizen preparedness for disasters caused by coronavirus disease (COVID-19) in Serbia. The survey was conducted using a questionnaire that was requested and then collected online among 975 respondents during disaster in April 2020. The questionnaire examined citizens' basic socio-economic and demographic characteristics, their knowledge, preparedness, risk perception and preventive measures taken individually and as a community to prevent the death and widespread transmission of novel coronavirus disease 2019 in the Republic of Serbia. Based on the findings that there are major differences in the public's perception of risks posed by communicable disease threats such as presented by COVID-19, emergency management agencies should use these differences to develop targeted strategies to enhance community and national preparedness by promoting behavioral change and improving risk management decision-making.