Pharmacology.
Pharmacology.
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DOI：
10.1016/s0072-9752(10)97004-8
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发表时间：
2010-01-01
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Durham, Paul
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Bolay, Hayrunnisa;Durham, Paul
头痛的治疗主要基于非特异性药物的经验，如止痛药、非类固醇抗炎药，或最初为治疗其他疾病而开发的药物，如β-受体阻滞剂和抗惊厥药物。对偏头痛和其他类型头痛的基本病理生理机制的更好了解，导致了过去20年来更具靶向性的药物的开发。由于三叉神经血管系统的激活和神经源性炎症被认为在偏头痛的病理生理学中起着重要作用，对这些事件进行模拟的实验研究成功地预测了选择性开发治疗偏头痛的药物的靶点。基本上，有两种治疗偏头痛的基本策略，流产或预防，在很大程度上基于发作的频率。雷公藤红素对表达在三叉神经上的选择性5-羟色胺(5-羟色胺，5-羟色胺)受体具有效力，仍然是治疗偏头痛流产的最有效药物。然而，目前有许多预防性药物可以调节神经系统的兴奋性，特别是大脑皮层。在这一章中，将讨论商业上可获得的药物以及正在开发中的预防或流产头痛发作的药物的药理学。
Headache treatment has been based primarily on experiences with non-specific drugs such as analgesics, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, or drugs that were originally developed to treat other diseases, such as beta-blockers and anticonvulsant medications. A better understanding of the basic pathophysiological mechanisms of migraine and other types of headache has led to the development over the past two decades of more target-specific drugs. Since activation of the trigeminovascular system and neurogenic inflammation are thought to play important roles in migraine pathophysiology, experimental studies modeling those events successfully predicted targets for selective development of pharmacological agents to treat migraine. Basically, there are two fundamental strategies for the treatment of migraine, abortive or preventive, based to a large degree on the frequency of attacks. The triptans, which exhibit potency towards selective serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine, 5-HT) receptors expressed on trigeminal nerves, remain the most effective drugs for the abortive treatment of migraine. However, numerous preventive medications are currently available that modulate the excitability of the nervous system, particularly the cerebral cortex. In this chapter, the pharmacology of commercially available medications as well as drugs in development that prevent or abort headache attacks will be discussed.