Multiple trans-Beringia dispersals of the barklouse genus Trichadenotecnum (Insecta: Psocodea: Psocidae)
Multiple trans-Beringia dispersals of the barklouse genus Trichadenotecnum (Insecta: Psocodea: Psocidae)
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树虱属 Trichadenotecnum 的多种跨白令海峡传播（昆虫纲：Psocodea：Psocidae）
DOI：
10.1093/biolinnean/blx006
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发表时间：
2017
影响因子：
1.9
通讯作者：
Garcia Aldrete Alfonso Neri
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Yoshizawa Kazunori;Johnson Kevin P.;Yao Izumi;Casasola Gonzalez Jose Arturo;Bess Emilie;Garcia Aldrete Alfonso Neri
分离分布背后的原因在生物地理学中具有重要意义。北半球温带的北第三纪遗迹生物群通常在亚洲和近极地区之间呈现断续分布，这是众所周知的，但通常对断续分布的例子知之甚少。树皮虱属的分布模式是北第三纪遗迹的一个例子，其物种多样性中心位于亚洲和中美洲。我们利用分子系统发育、分歧测年和祖先区域重建评估了 Trichadenotecnum 中这种分离分布的潜在原因。系统发育分析确定了新世界Trichadenotecnum 的三个独立分支，而所有其他类群均分布在旧世界。祖先区域和年代测定分析恢复了渐新世至中新世（27-15 Mya）跨白令海峡扩散的三个独立事件。两个分离的多样性中心的形成可以通过第四纪冰川期间（2.5-0.02 Mya）分布区域限制为温带避难所来解释。南美三甲虫似乎起源于中新世（19-9 Mya）的两次独立的扩散事件。这些估计的扩散日期比普遍假定的巴拿马地峡形成日期（更新世：c. 3 Mya）要早得多。
The causes underlying disjunct distributions are of major importance in biogeography. Arcto-Tertiary relict biotas in the temperate northern hemisphere, which typically show disjunct distributions between Asia and the Nearctic region, are widely known, but often poorly understood examples of disjunct distributions. The distributional pattern of the barklouse genusTrichadenotecnumis an example of an Arcto-Tertiary relict, with centres of species diversity in Asia and Central America. We evaluated the potential causes of this disjunct distribution inTrichadenotecnumusing a molecular phylogeny, divergence dating and ancestral area reconstruction. Phylogenetic analysis identified three separate clades of New WorldTrichadenotecnum, whereas all other groups were distributed in the Old World. Ancestral area and dating analyses recovered three independent events of trans-Beringian dispersal in the Oligocene to Miocene (27–15 Mya). The formation of two disjunct centres of diversity can be explained by the restriction of distributional areas to temperate refugia during the Quaternary glaciations (2.5–0.02 Mya). The South AmericanTrichadenotecnumappeared to have arisen from two independent dispersal events in the Miocene (19–9 Mya). These estimated dispersal dates are much older than the generally assumed date (Pleistocene:c. 3 Mya) for the formation of the Isthmus of Panama.