Biodegradation of lignin in a compost environment:: a review
Biodegradation of lignin in a compost environment:: a review
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DOI：
10.1016/s0960-8524(99)00104-2
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发表时间：
2000-04-01
影响因子：
11.4
通讯作者：
Itävaara, M
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Tuomela, M;Vikman, M;Itävaara, M
堆肥是当今城市固体废物的通用处理方法。可堆肥的家庭垃圾中除了蔬菜材料外，还含有不同数量的纸张和纸板。在欧盟，堆肥被视为包装的一种回收方法，这可能会在未来有利于可堆肥包装，如纸张和纸板。纸张由木质纤维素组成，木质素含量可能高达 20%。堆肥厂中纸张的有效降解意味着还需要木质素的生物降解。然而，尽管近年来对白腐真菌引起的木质素降解进行了广泛的研究，但人们对混合微生物堆肥种群对木质素的降解知之甚少。有机材料通过堆肥微生物转化为二氧化碳、腐殖质和热量。假设腐殖质主要由木质素形成。因此，木质素在堆肥过程中并未完全矿化。在高温阶段发现的升高的温度对于木质纤维素的快速降解至关重要。木质素等复杂有机化合物主要被嗜热微真菌和放线菌降解。嗜热真菌的最适温度为40-50℃，这也是堆肥中木质素降解的最适温度。 (C) 1999 Elsevier Science Ltd. 保留所有权利。
Composting is nowadays a general treatment method for municipal solid waste. Compostable household waste contains, together with vegetable material, varying amounts of papers and boards. In the European Union composting is regarded as one recycling method for packages and this will probably favour compostable packages, like papers and boards, in the future. Paper is made up of lignocellulose and it may contain up to 20% of lignin. Efficient degradation of papers in composting plants means that biodegradation of lignin is also needed. However, very little is known about lignin degradation by mixed microbial compost populations, although lignin degradation by white-rot fungi has been extensively studied in recent years. Organic material is converted to carbon dioxide, humus, and heat by compost microorganisms. It is assumed that humus is formed mainly from lignin. Thus, lignin is not totally mineralized during composting The elevated temperatures found during the thermophilic phase are essential for rapid degradation of lignocellulose. Complex organic compounds like lignin are mainly degraded by thermophilic microfungi and actinomycetes. The optimum temperature for thermophilic fungi is 40-50 degrees C which is also the optimum temperature for lignin degradation in compost. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.