EFFECTS OF TRAMADOL AND BUPRENORPHINE ON SELECT IMMUNOLOGIC FACTORS IN A CECAL LIGATION AND PUNCTURE MODEL
EFFECTS OF TRAMADOL AND BUPRENORPHINE ON SELECT IMMUNOLOGIC FACTORS IN A CECAL LIGATION AND PUNCTURE MODEL
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DOI：
10.1097/shk.0b013e3181cdc412
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发表时间：
2010-09-01
期刊：
影响因子：
3.1
通讯作者：
Nemzek, Jean A.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Hugunin, Kelly M. S.;Fry, Christopher;Nemzek, Jean A.
败血症的研究依赖于动物模型。最接近临床疾病的模型，如盲肠结扎和穿孔，需要手术。手术后，由于担心对炎症反应的影响，止痛药可能不包括在实验方案中。这经常在机构内引起动物福利争议；然而，没有科学研究直接解决止痛剂对脓毒症手术模型的影响。本研究的目的是表征阿片类药物对脓毒症研究中使用的关键参数的影响。将雌性ICR小鼠分为4组(乳酸林格液、高、低剂量曲马多、丁丙诺啡)进行为期3周的死亡率研究(n=12)。然后重复实验组，并在术后12、24和48小时处死小鼠，检测血液、腹膜和呼吸道中的细胞计数、细胞分化和细胞因子水平。死亡率研究表明，对照组和任何治疗组之间没有显著差异。然而，丁丙诺啡和大剂量曲马多之间的显著差异，揭示了曲马多更多和更晚的死亡。为了比较免疫参数，采用Mann-Whitney U检验或学生t检验，强调治疗和对照之间的比较。尽管有几个结果是显著的，但对照组和任何治疗组之间的比较在观察期内没有发现持续明显的差异。再一次，观察到了不同处理之间的差异。结果表明，与不使用止痛药的研究相比，明智和有限地使用一些止痛药可能不会显著影响同样进行的盲肠结扎和穿孔研究的结果。然而，当使用不同的镇痛剂时，研究之间的比较可能会很复杂。
Sepsis research relies on animal models. The models that most closely resemble clinical disease, such as cecal ligation and puncture, require surgery. After surgery, analgesics may not be included in experimental protocols because of concern over effects on inflammatory responses. This often generates animal welfare controversies within institutions; however, there are no scientific studies directly addressing the effects of analgesics on surgical models of sepsis. The purpose of this study was to characterize the effects of opioids on key parameters used in sepsis research. Female ICR mice were divided into four treatment groups (Ringer's lactate solution, high- or low-dose tramadol, buprenorphine) for 3-week mortality studies (n = 12 per treatment). Experimental groups were then repeated, and mice were killed at 12, 24, and 48 h postsurgery for cell counts, differentials, and cytokine levels in blood, peritoneum, and airways. Mortality studies demonstrated no significant differences between controls and any treatment group. However, significant differences were noted between buprenorphine and high-dose tramadol, revealing more and later deaths with tramadol. For comparison of immune parameters, Mann-Whitney U or Student t test was performed, emphasizing comparisons between treatment and control. Although several results were significant, comparisons between control and any treatment group yielded no differences that remained consistently apparent during the observation period. Again, differences were observed between the treatments. The results suggest that judicious and limited use of some analgesics may not dramatically affect the outcome of similarly conducted cecal ligation and puncture studies when compared with those not using analgesics. However, when different analgesics are used, comparisons between studies may be complicated.