Cannibalistic tadpoles that pose the greatest threat to kin are most likely to discriminate kin
Cannibalistic tadpoles that pose the greatest threat to kin are most likely to discriminate kin
复制标题
对亲属构成最大威胁的食人蝌蚪最有可能歧视亲属
DOI：
10.1098/rspb.1999.0604
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发表时间：
1999
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
D. Pfennig
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
D. Pfennig
包容性适应理论预测利他主义应该经常针对生殖亲属，但目前还不清楚最有可能帮助或伤害亲属的个体是否也最有可能首先确定亲属。在这里，我表明，物种和sibships铲足蟾蜍蝌蚪（Spea bombifrons和S。而那些最有可能产生环境诱导的同类相食的动物也最有可能避免吃同类。此外，当蝌蚪表现出同类相食的表型时，它们会避免吃同类，但当这些个体恢复到非同类相食的形态时，它们就不会了。因此，个体蝌蚪会根据它们伤害同类的可能性来调整它们的辨别力。一般来说，在那些最经常面临歧视问题的人中，使识别成为可能的感觉系统和/或决策规则可能特别容易进化。
Inclusive fitness theory predicts that altruism should often be directed towards reproductive relatives, but it is unclear whether individuals that are most likely to help or harm relatives are also most likely to identify kin in the first place. Here I show that species and sibships of spadefoot toad tadpoles (Spea bombifrons and S. multiplicata) that were most likely to produce an environmentally induced cannibalistic morph were also most likely to avoid eating kin. Moreover, tadpoles avoided eating kin when they expressed the cannibal phenotype, but not when these same individuals reverted to the non–cannibalistic morph. Thus, individual tadpoles facultatively adjust their level of discrimination according to how likely they are to harm kin. In general, sensory systems and/or decision rules enabling recognition may be especially likely to evolve among those individuals that are most often faced with the problem of discrimination.