Female Genetic Contributions to Sperm Competition in Drosophila melanogaster
Female Genetic Contributions to Sperm Competition in Drosophila melanogaster
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DOI：
10.1534/genetics.119.302284
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发表时间：
2019-07-01
期刊：
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
Wolfner, Mariana F.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Chen, Dawn S.;Delbare, Sofie Y. N.;Wolfner, Mariana F.
在许多物种中，精子可以在雌性生殖道中保持活力，远远超过再交配的典型间隔。这为来自不同雄性的精子在雌性生殖道内竞争卵母细胞受精创造了机会。在果蝇中，精子特征和精液含量影响雄性在精子竞争中的成功。另一方面，尽管全基因组关联研究（GWAS）已经证明，女性基因型在精子竞争结果中也起作用，但女性检测和选择性使用来自不同男性的精子的生化，感觉和生理过程仍然难以捉摸。在这里，我们功能性地测试了26个候选基因，这些基因通过GWAS对女性在精子竞争中的作用做出了贡献，测量为第一个男性交配（P1）的相对成功率的变化。在这26个候选基因中，我们确定了8个基因在女性中被敲除时会影响P1，并表明其中5个基因在女性神经系统中被敲除时会影响P1。特别是，敲低感觉扒手（ppk）（+）神经元降低P1，证实了先前发表的结果，和一个新的候选人，降低P1时，敲低章鱼胺能Tdc 2（+）神经元。这些结果表明，在女性的神经系统中的特定神经元在精子竞争中发挥功能性作用，并扩大我们的理解的遗传，神经元，和机械的基础上，女性对多个交配的反应。我们认为，这些神经元在女性是用来感觉，并整合，从求爱或射精的信号，以调节精子竞争的结果相应的，有广泛的差异，男性的精子竞争能力，并在女性之间的能力，以区分不同的男性精子。但我们仍然不知道雌性是如何区分雄性的...
In many species, sperm can remain viable in the reproductive tract of a female well beyond the typical interval to remating. This creates an opportunity for sperm from different males to compete for oocyte fertilization inside the female's reproductive tract. In Drosophila melanogaster, sperm characteristics and seminal fluid content affect male success in sperm competition. On the other hand, although genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have demonstrated that female genotype plays a role in sperm competition outcome as well, the biochemical, sensory, and physiological processes by which females detect and selectively use sperm from different males remain elusive. Here, we functionally tested 26 candidate genes implicated via a GWAS for their contribution to the female's role in sperm competition, measured as changes in the relative success of the first male to mate (P1). Of these 26 candidates, we identified eight genes that affect P1 when knocked down in females, and showed that five of them do so when knocked down in the female nervous system. In particular, knockdown in sensory pickpocket (ppk)(+) neurons lowered P1, confirming previously published results, and a novel candidate, , lowered P1 when knocked down in octopaminergic Tdc2(+) neurons. These results demonstrate that specific neurons in the female's nervous system play a functional role in sperm competition and expand our understanding of the genetic, neuronal, and mechanistic basis of female responses to multiple matings. We propose that these neurons in females are used to sense, and integrate, signals from courtship or ejaculates, to modulate sperm competition outcome accordingly.There is extensive variation in males for sperm competitive abilities, and in females for the ability to distinguish among sperm from different males. But it is still not known how females distinguish males...