Do risk factors for re-arrest differ for female and male drunk-driving offenders?
Do risk factors for re-arrest differ for female and male drunk-driving offenders?
复制标题
DOI：
10.1097/00000374-200011000-00007
复制
发表时间：
2000-11-01
影响因子：
3.2
通讯作者：
Chang, I
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Lapham, SC;Skipper, BJ;Chang, I
背景：本研究调查了 628 名女性和 659 名男性酒后驾驶罪犯累犯影响因素的性别差异。研究人群包括来自新墨西哥州的居民，他们完成了犯罪者筛查计划，并且在 5 年后联系时仍然是居民。方法：使用多重逻辑回归模型检查筛查转介后 5 年内再次被捕的风险因素。预测变量包括性别、年龄、种族、教育程度、婚姻状况、被捕时血液中的酒精浓度、父母酗酒问题、配偶酗酒问题、终生使用大麻、可卡因或安非他明、对配偶的虐待行为以及两项标准化评估的分数。结果：男性和女性再次被捕的风险因素相似，只是男性和女性中，年轻时的累犯率较高，而女性则不然。女性总体 5 年再次被捕率为 26%-20%，30 岁及以下男性为 38%，31 岁及以上男性为 24%。结论：年轻年龄预示着男性再次被捕，但女性则不然。与年轻男性相比，风险因素的类型和风险因素的数量都不能充分解释女性罪犯的累犯率异常低的原因。
Background: The present study investigated gender differences in factors affecting recidivism among 628 female and 659 male drunk-driving offenders. The study population included residents from New Mexico who completed a screening program for offenders and who were still residents when contacted 5 years later.Method: Risk factors for re-arrest in the 5-year period after screening referral were examined using multiple logistic regression models. Predictor variables included gender, age, ethnicity, education, marital status, blood alcohol concentration at arrest, parental alcohol problems, spousal alcohol problems, lifetime use of cannabis, cocaine, or amphetamines, abusive behavior toward spouse, and scores on two standardized assessments.Results: Risk factors for re-arrest were similar for males and females except that young age predicted higher recidivism among males but not females. The overall 5-year re-arrest rate was 26%-20% for women, 38% for males age 30 and under, and 24% for males age 31 and older.Conclusions: Young age predicts re-arrest for males but not for females. Neither the type of risk factors nor the number of risk factors fully explained female offenders' disproportionately lower recidivism rates, compared with young males.