The Migration of 137 Cs and 90 Sr in Multilayered Soils: Results from Batch, Column, and Fallout Investigations
The Migration of 137 Cs and 90 Sr in Multilayered Soils: Results from Batch, Column, and Fallout Investigations
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DOI：
10.13182/nt82-a33032
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发表时间：
1982-11
影响因子：
1.5
通讯作者：
Heinz Bachhuber-;K. Bunzl;Wolfgang Schimmack-;I. Gans
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Heinz Bachhuber-;K. Bunzl;Wolfgang Schimmack-;I. Gans
迁移率，阻滞因子，和分配系数的/sup 137/Cs和/sup 90/Sr的测定在不同的视野中的三个典型的土壤（灰壤，rank，和棕壤）通过采用批处理程序，柱实验，并评估这些放射性核素的测量分布在外地作为其沉积从世界各地的沉降物的结果。为了获得放射性核素的分布系数为每个土壤层柱实验，放射性核素分布在原状土壤整料（1米长，30厘米直径）从外面测定了不同的时间后，通过扫描仪技术。用与取样点相同的雨水量对柱子进行灌溉。氚标记的雨水被用来获得土壤柱的水动力学特性（孔隙水速度，分散系数，和体积含水量）。假设沉降物的调查产生了最现实的结果，观察表明，在实验室中进行的柱实验在近似自然的条件下，可以用来获得相当现实的信息迁移的/sup 137/Cs和/sup 90/Sr在这些土壤中。另一方面，使用批处理法中的分配系数来预测放射性核素的移动，可能会产生更多的误导，特别是在富含有机质的土壤层中。«少
Rates of migration, retardation factors, and distribution coefficients of /sup 137/Cs and /sup 90/Sr were determined in the various horizons of three typical soils (podsol, ranker, and brown soil) by employing batch procedures, column experiments, and evaluating the measured distribution of these radionuclides in the field as a result of their deposition from worldwide fallout. To obtain the distribution coefficients of the radionuclides for each soil horizon from the column experiments, the radionuclide distribution in the undisturbed soil monoliths (1 m long, 30-cm diam) was determined from the outside by a scanner technique after various times. The columns were irrigated with rainwater using the same quantities as observed at the site of sampling. Tritium labeled rainwater was used to obtain the hydrodynamic properties of the soil columns (pore water velocity, dispersion coefficient, and volumetric moisture content). Assuming that the fallout investigations yielded the most realistic results, the observations suggest that column experiments performed in the laboratory under approximately natural conditions can be used to obtain fairly realistic information about the migration of /sup 137/Cs and /sup 90/Sr in these soils. The use of distribution coefficients from batch methods for the prediction of radionuclide movement, on the other hand, can bemore » misleading, especially in soil horizons rich in organic matter.« less