Statistical learning and language acquisition.

Statistical learning and language acquisition.
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统计学习和语言获取。

DOI:
10.1002/wcs.78
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发表时间:
2010-11
影响因子:
3.9
通讯作者:
Saffran, Jenny R.
Saffran, Jenny R.
中科院分区:
心理学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Romberg, Alexa R.;Saffran, Jenny R.

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人类学习者,包括婴儿,对环境中的结构高度敏感。统计学习是指提取这种结构的过程。在过去的几十年里,语言习得的一个主要问题是婴儿在多大程度上使用统计学习机制来习得母语。有许多证据表明婴儿有能力从语言输入中提取结构,例如相邻元素之间的过渡概率。本文综述了统计学习对语言习得的影响。目前的研究正在从许多不同的方向扩展婴儿对基本统计信息敏感性的初步发现,包括研究婴儿如何表示规律,如何学习不同层次的语言,以及如何跨情境整合信息。这些当前的方向强调在语境中研究统计语言学习:在语言中,在婴儿学习者中,在整个环境中。
Human learners, including infants, are highly sensitive to structure in their environment. Statistical learning refers to the process of extracting this structure. A major question in language acquisition in the past few decades has been the extent to which infants use statistical learning mechanisms to acquire their native language. There have been many demonstrations showing infants’ ability to extract structures in linguistic input, such as the transitional probability between adjacent elements. This paper reviews current research on how statistical learning contributes to language acquisition. Current research is extending the initial findings of infants’ sensitivity to basic statistical information in many different directions, including investigating how infants represent regularities, learn about different levels of language, and integrate information across situations. These current directions emphasize studying statistical language learning in context: within language, within the infant learner, and within the environment as a whole.
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