Patents, Innovation and Public Health : Brazilian Public-Sector Laboratories'experience in copying AIDS drugs
Patents, Innovation and Public Health : Brazilian Public-Sector Laboratories'experience in copying AIDS drugs
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专利、创新与公共卫生：巴西公共部门实验室仿制艾滋病药物的经验
DOI：
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发表时间：
2003
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
M. Corrêa
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Maurice Cassier;M. Corrêa
巴西在生产艾滋病毒/艾滋病药物方面的经验是基于合法仿制国外专利药品、普及抗逆转录病毒药物的卫生政策以及技术学习，特别是在公共部门实验室通过逆向工程进行技术学习。专利中包含的信息已被证明是不完整的，这些分子的化学标准在药典中不可用。里约卫生部实验室的化学家们不得不部分地重新发现这些药物的定性和定量成分。因此，他们获得了关于药物活性成分合成过程的知识，现在他们能够将这些知识转让给制药公司。除了复制现有药物外，该实验室还在内部以及与大学合作开展研究，以创造新的分子。因此，通过复制启动的学习过程与研究政策相结合。
The Brazilian experience in producing HIV/AIDS drugs is based on the lawful copying of medicines patented abroad, on a health policy of universal access to antiretrovirals (ARV), and on technological learning, especially in public-sector laboratories through reverse engineering. The information contained in patents has proved to be incomplete and the chemical standards of these molecules are not available in the pharmacopoeias. Chemists at the Rio health ministry’s laboratory have had to partially rediscover the qualitative and quan- titative composition of these drugs. They have thus acquired knowledge on the synthesis processes of the active principles of drugs, which they are now able to transfer to pharmaceutical companies. Apart from copying existing drugs, the laboratory also develops research both in-house and in partnership with universities, to create new molecules. The learning process initiated through copying is thus combined with a research policy.