Gender differences in the association between substance use and elevated depressive symptoms in a general adolescent population
Gender differences in the association between substance use and elevated depressive symptoms in a general adolescent population
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1360-0443.2005.01033.x
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发表时间：
2005-04-01
期刊：
影响因子：
6
通讯作者：
Santor, D
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Poulin, C;Hand, D;Santor, D
目的本研究探讨了性别差异之间的关联物质的使用和抑郁症状升高在一般adolescentpopulation.Design横断面自我报告的匿名调查，2002/2003学生药物使用调查在大西洋省份。样本设计是一个单阶段的随机选择的班级分层按年级和region.Setting的四个大西洋省份的加拿大。参与者在公立学校系统的初中和高中的学生共12 771，代表约97%的响应率。参与者的平均年龄为15.2 years.Measurements升高的抑郁症状的措施是一个12项版本的CES-D与三个类别的抑郁症的风险在同伴study.Findings验证非常升高的抑郁症状的患病率为8.6%的女性和2.6%的男性。饮酒和吸烟被认为是女性抑郁症状升高的独立预测因素，但不是男性;大麻的使用被认为是男性和女性抑郁症状升高的独立预测因素。年龄与女性抑郁症状的升高呈曲线关系，但与男性无关。青少年的学习成绩和居住省份被认为是独立的危险因素，抑郁症状升高的男性和女性。约10.3%的青少年被认为是潜在的候选人需要帮助的报告，因为他们感到depressed.Conclusions抑郁症的风险和年龄之间的关联，酒精的使用，吸烟和大麻的使用在一般青少年人群是不直接的，可能会根据性别而有所不同。青少年对抑郁症的帮助需求尚未得到满足。
Aims This study explores gender differences in the association between substance use and elevated depressive symptoms in the general adolescent population.Design Cross-sectional self-reported anonymous survey, the 2002/2003 Student Drug Use Survey in the Atlantic Provinces. The sample design was a single-stage cluster sample of randomly selected classes stratified by grade and region.Setting The four Atlantic provinces of Canada.Participants A total of 12 771 students in junior and senior high schools of the public school systems, representing a response rate of about 97%. The average age of participants was 15.2 years.Measurements The measure of elevated depressive symptoms was a 12-item version of the CES-D with three categories of depression risk validated in a companion study.Findings The prevalence of very elevated depressive symptoms was 8.6% in females and 2.6% in males. Alcohol use and cigarette smoking were found to be independent predictors of elevated depressive symptoms in females, but not males; cannabis use was found to be an independent predictor of elevated depressive symptoms in both males and females. Age was found to have a curvilinear relationship with elevated depressive symptoms in females but not in males. The adolescent's academic performance and province of residence were found to be independent risk factors of elevated depressive symptoms among both males and females. About 10.3% of adolescents considered to be potential candidates for needing help reported having received help because they felt depressed.Conclusions The association between depression risk and age, alcohol use, cigarette smoking and cannabis use in the general adolescent population is not straightforward and may differ according to gender. There is unmet need for help for depression among adolescents.