Reef-fish larval dispersal patterns validate no-take marine reserve network connectivity that links human communities
Reef-fish larval dispersal patterns validate no-take marine reserve network connectivity that links human communities
复制标题
DOI：
10.1007/s00338-017-1570-0
复制
发表时间：
2017-09-01
期刊：
影响因子：
3.5
通讯作者：
Russ, Garry R.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Abesamis, Rene A.;Saenz-Agudelo, Pablo;Russ, Garry R.
禁止捕捞海洋保护区网络是一项广泛倡导的珊瑚礁管理战略。然而，个体珊瑚礁和NTMRs之间通过幼虫扩散的种群连接强度的不确定性仍然是有效网络设计的主要障碍。在这项研究中，幼虫之间的NTMRs和渔场在菲律宾的扩散推断进行遗传亲子分析的珊瑚礁鱼（Chaetodon vagabundus）。成鱼和幼鱼在一个约90公里的海岸线上集中取样。在对1387名成年人进行了1978名青少年的筛选后，接受了37对真正的亲子对。数据显示，所有类型的分散连接，可能会发生在NTMR网络，与任务之间的连接建议NTMR和渔场（n = 35）远远超过那些表明自我招聘（n = 2）。至关重要的是，一半（51%）的推断发生的幼虫扩散连接珊瑚礁管理的单独的，独立的市和组成的村庄，强调需要嵌套的协作管理安排跨管理单位，以维持NTMR网络。幼虫的扩散似乎受到风驱动的季节性逆转的表面电流的方向。最适合的幼虫扩散内核估计亲子数据预测，50%的幼虫来自人口将试图解决在33公里内，95%在83公里内。幼虫的平均散布距离估计为36.5公里。这些结果表明，建立一个网络的紧密间隔（小于几十公里）的NTMR可以提高招聘的保护和捕捞种群在整个NTMR网络。研究结果强调了必须优先解决的区域珊瑚礁管理举措的主要挑战：（1）加强跨政治或习惯边界的NTMR网络的管理;（2）通过幼虫传播实现足够的人口连通性，以维持这些网络内的珊瑚礁鱼类种群。
Networks of no-take marine reserves (NTMRs) are a widely advocated strategy for managing coral reefs. However, uncertainty about the strength of population connectivity between individual reefs and NTMRs through larval dispersal remains a major obstacle to effective network design. In this study, larval dispersal among NTMRs and fishing grounds in the Philippines was inferred by conducting genetic parentage analysis on a coral-reef fish (Chaetodon vagabundus). Adult and juvenile fish were sampled intensively in an area encompassing approximately 90 km of coastline. Thirty-seven true parent-offspring pairs were accepted after screening 1978 juveniles against 1387 adults. The data showed all types of dispersal connections that may occur in NTMR networks, with assignments suggesting connectivity among NTMRs and fishing grounds (n = 35) far outnumbering those indicating self-recruitment (n = 2). Critically, half (51%) of the inferred occurrences of larval dispersal linked reefs managed by separate, independent municipalities and constituent villages, emphasising the need for nested collaborative management arrangements across management units to sustain NTMR networks. Larval dispersal appeared to be influenced by wind-driven seasonal reversals in the direction of surface currents. The best-fit larval dispersal kernel estimated from the parentage data predicted that 50% of larvae originating from a population would attempt to settle within 33 km, and 95% within 83 km. Mean larval dispersal distance was estimated to be 36.5 km. These results suggest that creating a network of closely spaced (less than a few tens of km apart) NTMRs can enhance recruitment for protected and fished populations throughout the NTMR network. The findings underscore major challenges for regional coral-reef management initiatives that must be addressed with priority: (1) strengthening management of NTMR networks across political or customary boundaries; and (2) achieving adequate population connectivity via larval dispersal to sustain reef-fish populations within these networks.