Optimizing the joint production of timber and bilberries
Optimizing the joint production of timber and bilberries
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DOI：
10.1016/j.foreco.2010.02.017
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发表时间：
2010-04
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
J. Miina;T. Pukkala;J. Hotanen;K. Salo
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
J. Miina;T. Pukkala;J. Hotanen;K. Salo
浆果和蘑菇是越来越受欢迎的芬兰森林产品。因此，有必要将它们整合到营林规划中。越橘(Vaccdium myrtillus L.)是一种重要的经济野生浆果，在芬兰北卡雷利亚被广泛采集用于家庭消费和销售。本研究将最近开发的越橘产量模型纳入林分生长模拟器中，在假设越橘产量的75%被收获的情况下，通过最大土壤期望值(SEV)和3%的贴现率来优化木材和越橘的联合生产。越橘价格越高，越橘产量对林分优化经营的影响越大。越橘价格较高(4~8欧元kg−1)，适宜经营樟子松、挪威云杉、桦树混交林和挪威云杉纯林，以促进越橘生产。在越橘产量较高的樟子松林中，越橘生产已经影响了最优林分经营，价格为2欧元kg−1。与木材生产相比，联合生产导致轮伐期更长，间伐强度更高，间伐更频繁，樟子松在混交林中的份额更高。越橘对总SEV的贡献随着越橘价格和折扣率的增加而增加。在杨梅价格为4欧元kg−1的混交林中，按3%的折现率计算的越橘生产SEV值超过木材生产的SEV值。在2欧元kg−1的杨梅价格下，4%的折现率已经超过了木材生产的SEV。
Berries and mushrooms are increasingly appreciated products of Finnish forests. Therefore, there is a need to integrate them in silvicultural planning. Bilberry (Vaccinium myrtillus L.) is an economically important wild berry that is widely collected for household consumption and sale in North Karelia, Finland. In this study, bilberry yield models developed recently were included in a stand growth simulator and the joint production of timber and bilberry was optimized by maximizing soil expectation value (SEV) with 3% discounting rate, assuming that 75% of the bilberry yield is harvested. The effect of bilberry production on the optimal stand management increased with increasing bilberry price. With high bilberry prices (4–8€kg−1) it was optimal to manage the mixed stand of Scots pine, Norway spruce and birch, and the pure stand of Norway spruce so as to promote bilberry production. In the Scots pine stand, where bilberry yields are higher, bilberry production affected optimal stand management already with a price of 2€kg−1. Compared to timber production, joint production led to longer rotation lengths, higher thinning intensities, more frequent thinnings, and higher share of Scots pine in the mixed stand. The contribution of bilberries to the total SEV increased with increasing bilberry price and discounting rate. In the mixed stand and pine stand the SEV of bilberry production, calculated with 3% discounting rate, exceeded the SEV of timber production when bilberry price was 4€kg−1.With 4% discounting rate this happened already with bilberry price of 2€kg−1. It was concluded that forest management which promotes bilberry yields is the most profitable in pine stands where the potential bilberry yields are high.