Ultrastructure of mitochondria of human oocytes in different clinical conditions during assisted reproduction
Ultrastructure of mitochondria of human oocytes in different clinical conditions during assisted reproduction
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DOI：
10.1016/j.abb.2021.108854
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发表时间：
2021-04-05
影响因子：
3.9
通讯作者：
Macchiarelli, Guido
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Belli, Manuel;Palmerini, Maria Grazia;Macchiarelli, Guido
不孕症影响约8%的夫妇，过去几年的比例略有变化。尽管辅助生殖技术（ART）在处理这种疾病方面做出了重大努力，但卵母细胞质量仍然是积极结果的关键因素。更好地了解卵母细胞成熟、受精和胚胎发育的动力学仍然是ARTs领域取得进展的主要领域之一。线粒体被认为在这些过程中发挥重要作用。线粒体在卵母细胞成熟和胚胎发育过程中产生能量的关键部分，包括Ca 2+稳态调节、糖酵解、氨基酸和脂肪酸代谢以及细胞凋亡的调节。最近的研究表明，线粒体的结构，内容和功能可能与卵母细胞的能力，胚胎活力，并在ART植入成功。它们的缺陷可能导致受精率低和胚胎发育失败。本文综述了线粒体超微结构水平的变化与卵母细胞质量和ART治疗之间的相关性。我们的报告数据表明，卵母细胞线粒体超微结构的改变可以部分或完全恢复在早期胚胎阶段。然而，这些变化可能在植入前胚胎发育期间保持静止，导致仅在胎儿和出生后生活期间变得明显的异常。这些因素导致线粒体被认为是卵母细胞和胚胎质量的关键标志物，以及进一步前瞻性治疗方法的战略目标。
Infertility affects around 8% of couples with a slight change in percentage in the last years. Despite the significant efforts made in Assisted Reproductive Technologies (ARTs) in handling this disorder, oocyte quality remains a crucial factor for a positive outcome. A better understanding of the dynamics underlying oocyte maturation, fertilization, and embryo development remains one of the main areas for progress in the ARTs field. Mitochondria are believed to play an essential role in these processes. Mitochondria have a crucial part in producing energy for oocyte maturation and embryo development throughout precise cellular functions comprising Ca2+ homeostasis regulation, glycolysis, amino acid and fatty acid metabolism, and regulation of apoptosis. Recent studies suggest that mitochondrial structure, content, and function may be related to oocyte competence, embryo viability, and implantation success during ARTs. Their defects could lead to low fertilization rates and embryonic development failure. This review aimed to provide an overview of the available literature data surrounding the correlation between changes at ultrastructural level of mitochondria or correlated-mitochondrial aggregates and oocyte quality and ARTs treatments. Our reported data demonstrated that oocyte mitochondrial ultrastructural alterations could be partial or complete recovery during the early embryo stages. However, these changes could persist as quiescent during the pre-implantation embryo development, causing abnormalities that become evident only during fetal and postnatal life. These factors led to consider the mitochondria as a crucial marker of oocyte and embryo quality, as well as a strategic target for further prospective therapeutical approaches.