PLANT EXTINCTION IN NEW-CALEDONIA - PROTECTION OF SCLEROPHYLL FORESTS URGENTLY NEEDED
PLANT EXTINCTION IN NEW-CALEDONIA - PROTECTION OF SCLEROPHYLL FORESTS URGENTLY NEEDED
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DOI：
10.1007/bf00058425
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发表时间：
1995-06-01
影响因子：
3.4
通讯作者：
VEILLON, JM
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
BOUCHET, P;JAFFRE, T;VEILLON, JM
曾经遍布新喀里多尼亚西海岸低地的硬叶森林现在已减少到小块，约占其原始面积的2%（10 000公顷）。 剩下的大部分森林已经退化。 硬叶林面临的威胁来自土地清理、牛或鹿的放牧以及火灾。 在硬叶林中，有223种特有显花植物，其中59种是这种森林类型特有的。 在59个特定物种中，有几个只在一个地方的几种植物中发现，并且处于极度濒危状态。 1988年发现后不久，Pittosporum tanianum sp. nov.就灭绝了，成为新喀里多尼亚第一个有记载的植物灭绝。 另外15种新喀里多尼亚植物，几十年来没有记录，进行了讨论，并得出结论，其中4至9种可能已经灭绝。 含有硬叶林的现有保护区不足以保护森林的剩余生物多样性。 保护硬叶林需要立即采取的四个步骤是：㈠恢复Lepredour岛; ㈡购买和恢复选定的私有森林; ㈢管理尼泊尔附近的公有森林; ㈣迁地保护某些物种。
The sclerophyll forests which once extended over the lowlands of the west coast of New Caledonia are now reduced to small fragments representing about 2% (10 000 ha) of their original area. Much of the remaining forests are degraded. Threats to sclerophyll forests come from land clearance, grazing by cattle or deer, and fire. In sclerophyll forests, 223 endemic phanerogam species occur and 59 of these are specific to this forest type. Several of the 59 specific species are known only from a few plants at a single locality and are critically endangered. Pittosporum tanianum sp. nov. became extinct shortly after its discovery in 1988, and becomes the first documented plant extinction in New Caledonia. A further 15 species of New Caledonian plants, not recorded for several decades, are discussed, and its is concluded that between 4 and 9 of them may be extinct. The existing reserves containing sclerophyll forests are inadequate to protect the remaining biodiversity of the forests. Four immediate steps needed to protect sclerophyll forests are (i) restoration of Lepredour Island; (ii) purchase and restoration of selected privately owned forests; (iii) management of publicly owned forest near Nepoui; and (iv) ex situ conservation of certain species.