THE MATCHING HYPOTHESIS RECONSIDERED AGAIN - COMMENT ON KALICK AND HAMILTON
THE MATCHING HYPOTHESIS RECONSIDERED AGAIN - COMMENT ON KALICK AND HAMILTON
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DOI：
10.1037/0022-3514.54.3.441
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发表时间：
1988-03-01
影响因子：
7.6
通讯作者：
ARON, A
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
ARON, A
Kalick和Hamilton（1986）构建了一个计算机模拟，在这个模拟中，基于每个人只考虑对方的吸引力（而不考虑自己的吸引力）的夫妻形成产生了夫妻之间的吸引力相关性，与在自然发生的夫妻中观察到的相似。然而，模拟的假设似乎与研究文献或常识至少在五个方面不一致：(a)吸引力水平可能是正常分布的，而不是均匀分布的；(b)由于测量误差，现实生活中的吸引力相关性受到限制；(c)吸引力只占日期选择差异的一小部分；(d)在任何时候，许多人都不是夫妻；(e)对“收盘时更漂亮”效应的“修正”既不是由该效应的强度或一致性所保证的。在每种情况下，在模拟中替换一个更合理的值所产生的相关性大大低于现实数据中发现的相关性。另外四种可能解释现实生活中观察到的夫妻吸引力相关性的机制也被提出，并简要检查了模拟在社会心理学研究中的作用。
Kalick and Hamilton (1986) constructed a computer simulation in which couple formation based on each individual's considering only the other's attractiveness (regardless of the individual's own attractiveness) produced within-couple attractiveness correlations comparable to those observed in naturally occurring couples. However, the simulation's assumptions seem inconsistent with either the research literature or common sense in at least five ways:(a) Attractiveness levels are probably distributed normally, not evenly;(b) real-life attractiveness correlations are restricted because of measurement error;(c) attractiveness accounts for only a small proportion of the variance in date choice;(d) at any given time, many individuals are not in couples; and (e) a “correction” for a “prettier-at-closing-time” effect is warranted neither by the strength or the consistency of that effect. In each case, substituting a more plausible value in the simulation yields correlations substantially lower than those found in real-life data. Four other mechanisms that may account for the observed real-life, within-couple attractiveness correlations are also presented, and the role of simulation in social psychology research is briefly examined.