Power Quality recording and evaluation in an industrial area (chemical park)
Power Quality recording and evaluation in an industrial area (chemical park)
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工业区（化工园区）电能质量记录与评价
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发表时间：
2015
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通讯作者：
M. Kraft
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作者：
M. Kraft
供电质量在很大程度上影响联网负荷和过程，这并不是什么新鲜事，众所周知，电能质量问题会给联网行业客户带来巨大的经济损失。事实上，行业流程对电源质量波动越来越敏感，即使是流程和连接的负载，例如大型驱动器，也会对电源本身产生负面影响。但是，由于知道真正的挑战是在这些电能质量问题导致行业过程质量下降甚至在过程中断时更严重之前检测到它们。重点介绍了大型工业厂房电能质量记录和评估项目的概念和结果，介绍了该项目的目标是对供电质量进行持续的登记和记录，作为工业园区内所有联网用户的证据，证明所提供的电力符合他们的能源购买合同中规定的质量。为此，电能质量记录仪已在供电网络中的感兴趣的地点使用，并连接到安装在中央控制室的高级评估软件。来自各个记录器的所有数据都根据欧洲标准网格代码以及特定的客户网格代码进行评估。现有机器和保护本章介绍了已安装的主要和次要技术，并对工业园内已安装的负载以及已有的保护硬件和软件系统给人留下了印象。能源设备工业园与当地公用事业公司的2x110千伏输电系统相连。联轴器的公共点短路功率为5GVA。这给人一种关于公园内货物尺寸的印象。工业园区内共安装了10台电压等级和相应的变压器。在110千伏电网的两个连接点，放置了两台63兆伏安的110千伏/30千伏变压器。4台20兆伏安降压变压器的任务是将30千伏的中压电平转换为10千伏。最后但并非最不重要的是，400V低压电平由2x630kVA、1x800kVA和一台1.6MVA变压器提供。变电所内安装母线3根，10KV母线3根，30KV母线1根。30千伏母线的额定短路功率为2 GVA。应急发电机应急电源由两台输出功率为2.5兆伏安和5兆伏安的发电机提供。为提高电压稳定性，安装了2 MVAR和3 MVAR的两个静止无功补偿装置。客户/消费者概况园区内的六家客户公司对电力供应的需求截然不同。例如，氯化氢电解厂的总电力需求为65MVA，分布在5台变压器上。对电能质量有巨大影响的是所连接的整流系统，以确保直流侧的电流为1000安培。有变频器驱动的泵，具有速度控制，额定功率在470千瓦到3兆瓦之间。其中一些泵是永久运行的，而另一些泵是零星运行的。保护装置30千伏变电所内已安装了各种保护硬件。6x托架控制单元；控制和监视开关装置活动以及监视开关元件的位置。7个同步多功能保护继电器4个暂态接地保护继电器2个变压器、发电机、电机和母线差动保护继电器2个线路两端差动保护继电器
It is not new that the quality of electrical power supply pretty much influences connected loads and processes and it is also well known that power quality issues causes huge financial losses to connected industry customers. It is a matter of fact that industry processes are becoming more sensitive on power supply quality fluctuation and that even the processes and connected loads e.g. big drives have a negative impact on the supply itself. But by knowing that the real challenge is to detect these power quality issues before they result in a decrease of the industry process quality or even stronger in an outage of a process. The paper highlights the concept and result of a power quality recording and assessment project for a large industrial plant, INTRODUCTION The goal was a continuous registration and documentation of the power supply quality as an evidence for all connected customers inside an industry park area that the provided power is of a quality as specified in their energy purchase contracts. For that purpose power quality recorders have been utilized at interesting points in the power supply network and connected to superior evaluation software installed at a central control room. All data from the individual recorders are assessed against European standard grid codes as well as against the specific customer grid codes. EXISTING MACHINES AND PROTECTION This chapter describes the already installed primary and secondary technique and gives an impression about the installed loads inside the industry park as well as the already existing protection hardand software systems. Energy equipments The industry park is connected to a 2x 110 kV power transmission system of the local utility. The common point of coupling has a short-circuit power of 5GVA. This gives an impression about the dimensions of the loads inside the park. Voltage levels and corresponding transformers In summary 10 transformers are installed in the industry park. At the two connection points to the 110 kV utility grid, two 110 kV/30 kV transformers with 63 MVA are placed. Four 20 MVA step down transformers have the task to transform the 30 kV medium voltage level to 10 kV. Last but not least the 400V low voltage level is supplied by 2x 630kVA, 1x 800kVA and one 1.6 MVA transformer. Bus bars Three 10 kV bus bars and one 30 kV bus bar are installed in the substation. The 30 kV bus bar is rated for a short circuit power of 2 GVA. Emergency Generators The emergency power supply is done by two generators with an output of 2,5 MVA and 5 MVA. VAR compensators Two static VAR compensation units with 2 and 3 MVAR are installed to increase the voltage stability. Customers / consumer profile The six customers companies which are located inside the park have quite different needs for their power supply. For example the hydrogen chloride electrolysis plant has an overall power demand of 65MVA distributed to 5 transformers. Huge influence on power quality has the connected rectifier system to ensure a current of 1000 Ampere on the DC side. There are converter driven pumps with speed control a rated power between 470 kW and up to 3 MW. Some of these pumps are running permanently while others are operated sporadically. Protection devices A wide range of protection hardware is already installed inside the 30kV substation. 6x Bay control unit; controls and monitors switch gear activities as well as monitoring the position of switching elements. 7x Multifunction protection relay with synchronization 4x Transient earth-fault protection relay 2x Differential protection relay for transformers, generators, motors and bus bars Differential protection relay for 2 line ends