Optimal sets of color receptors and color opponent systems for coding of natural objects in insect vision
Optimal sets of color receptors and color opponent systems for coding of natural objects in insect vision
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DOI：
10.1006/jtbi.1996.0124
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发表时间：
1996-07-21
影响因子：
2
通讯作者：
Chittka, L
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Chittka, L
模型计算被用来找到一个最佳的颜色视觉系统的编码的自然对象。评估色觉质量的标准是：（a）给定集合中所有颜色之间的可辨别性;（B）最近邻居之间的可辨别性（仅集合中最相似的颜色）;和（c）可检测性（目标和背景之间的色差）。研究的有色对象是几组花的颜色，一组绿色树叶的颜色，和一组水果的颜色。通过改变光感受器的波长位置和用于评估感受器输入的颜色对手过程的权重，产生了各种各样的假设颜色视觉系统。结果表明，在访花蜜蜂（λ max = 340，430和540 nm）的光谱受体类型的集合是接近最佳的几套同域和同时开花的花色的歧视，以及歧视的绿色树叶，但不是果实着色。对于两组物体，光源是不同的，这只会稍微改变结果。相对于背景的花的可检测性同样是最佳的。光感受器的最佳波长位置在很大程度上独立于用于评估光感受器信号的特定颜色对手机制。最佳彩色对手系统是所有那些包括两个对手进程的加权因子彼此强烈不同。进化的影响，这些研究结果进行了讨论的背景下，最近的系统发育研究表明，波长调谐的昆虫光感受器可能先于花色的演变。(C)1996年学术出版社
Model calculations are used to find an optimal color vision system for the coding of natural objects. The criteria to assess the quality of color vision are (a) discriminability between all colors of a given set; (b) discriminability between nearest neighbors (only the most similar colors of a set); and (c) detectability (color difference between target and background). The colored objects investigated are several sets of flower colors, one set of green foliage colors, and one set of fruit colors. A large variety of hypothetical color vision systems was generated by varying both the wavelength positions of photoreceptors and the weights of color opponent processes used to evaluate the receptor inputs. It is shown that the set of spectral receptor types in flower visiting bees (lambda max = 340, 430 and 540 nm) is close to optimal for the discrimination of several sets of sympatric and simultaneously blooming flower colors, as well as for discrimination of green foliage, but not for fruit coloration. For two sets of objects, the illuminant was varied, which changed the results only marginally. Detectability of flowers against background is likewise optimal. The optimal wavelength positions of photoreceptors are largely independent of the particular color opponent mechanisms used to evaluate the photoreceptor signals. Optimal color opponent systems are all those which comprise two opponent processes with weighting factors differing strongly from one another. The evolutionary implications of these findings are discussed against the background of a recent phylogenetic study which showed that wavelength tuning of insect photoreceptors likely predated the evolution of flower color. (C) 1996 Academic Press Limited