Diversity of mitochondrial D-loop haplotypes from ancient Thracian horses in Bulgaria
Diversity of mitochondrial D-loop haplotypes from ancient Thracian horses in Bulgaria
复制标题
保加利亚古色雷斯马线粒体 D 环单倍型的多样性
DOI：
10.1111/asj.13810
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发表时间：
2023
影响因子：
2
通讯作者：
R.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Nishita;Y.;Amaile;Y.;Spassov;N.;Hristova;L.;Kostov;D.;Vladova;D.;Peeva;S.;Raichev;E.;Vlaeva;R.;Masuda;R.
马的驯化可能在5000多年前开始于欧亚大草原的西部，根据主要的假设，马首先从大草原向色雷斯文化地区传播，开始于公元前2000年的后半期，并在公元前5世纪至公元前1世纪蓬勃发展，主要位于今天的保加利亚。我们分析了从保加利亚色雷斯考古遗址（公元前4世纪至公元前1世纪）出土的17个马骨遗骸，并成功鉴定了代表线粒体D环14种不同单倍型的17个序列。与世界各地现代马的mtDNA单倍型相比，保加利亚古代色雷斯马被认为与南欧现代马的关系更密切，与中亚现代马的关系较少。此外，我们获得的单倍型代表了11个先前报道的现代马mtDNA单倍型群：A，B，D，E，G，H，I，L，N，P和Q。所有的单倍型群包含现代和区域优势的单倍型发生在欧洲，中东和中亚。我们的研究结果表明，色雷斯马在保加利亚有相对较高的遗传多样性，并密切相关的现代马品种。
The domestication of the horse began possibly more than 5000 years ago in the western part of the Eurasian steppe, and according to the leading hypothesis, horses first spread from the Steppe toward the region of the Thracian culture, starting in the second half of the 2nd millennium BCE and flourished from the fifth to first centuries BCE, mainly located in present‐day Bulgaria. We analyzed 17 horse bone remains excavated from Thracian archaeological sites (fourth to first centuries BCE) in Bulgaria and successfully identified 17 sequences representing 14 different haplotypes of the mitochondrial D‐loop. Compared with the mtDNA haplotypes of modern horses around the world, ancient Thracian horses in Bulgaria are thought to be more closely related to modern horses of Southern Europe and less related to those of Central Asia. In addition, the haplotypes we obtained represented 11 previously reported modern horse mtDNA haplogroups: A, B, D, E, G, H, I, L, N, P, and Q. All the haplogroups contain modern and regionally predominant haplotypes occurring in Europe, the Middle East, and Central Asia. Our results indicate that Thracian horses in Bulgaria have had relatively high genetic diversity and are closely related to modern horse breeds.