"Destroyer and Teacher": Managing the Masses During the 1918-1919 Influenza Pandemic
"Destroyer and Teacher": Managing the Masses During the 1918-1919 Influenza Pandemic
复制标题
DOI：
10.1177/00333549101250s308
复制
发表时间：
2010-04-01
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
Tomes, Nancy
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Tomes, Nancy
西班牙流感来到美国的时候，新的大众交通、大众媒体、大众消费和大规模战争形式极大地扩大了传染病传播的公共场所。面对一种致命的“人群”疾病，公共卫生当局试图以前所未有的力度实施与社会疏远的措施。最近的历史研究表明，在1918-1919年的流行病期间，早期和持续地实施聚集禁令、学校关闭和其他与社会疏远的措施大大降低了死亡率。这一发现使得了解此类措施的抵抗力来源变得更加重要，特别是考虑到社会疏远措施仍然是管理当前H1N1流感大流行的重要工具。为此，这项历史分析重温了1918-1919年大流行期间的公共卫生经验教训，并反思了这些经验教训对当今的意义。
The Spanish influenza arrived in the United States at a time when new forms of mass transportation, mass media, mass consumption, and mass warfare had vastly expanded the public places in which communicable diseases could spread. Faced with a deadly "crowd" disease, public health authorities tried to implement social-distancing measures at an unprecedented level of intensity. Recent historical work suggests that the early and sustained imposition of gathering bans, school closures, and other social-distancing measures significantly reduced mortality rates during the 1918-1919 epidemics. This finding makes it all the more important to understand the sources of resistance to such measures, especially since social-distancing measures remain a vital tool in managing the current H1N1 influenza pandemic. To that end, this historical analysis revisits the public health lessons learned during the 1918-1919 pandemic and reflects on their relevance for the present.