School Start Times, Sleep, Behavioral, Health, and Academic Outcomes: A Review of the Literature.
School Start Times, Sleep, Behavioral, Health, and Academic Outcomes: A Review of the Literature.
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DOI：
10.1111/josh.12388
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发表时间：
2016-05
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Croft JB
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Wheaton AG;Chapman DP;Croft JB
青少年睡眠不足已被证明与多种不良后果有关，从心理和身体健康状况不佳到行为问题和学业成绩较低。然而，大多数高中生睡眠不足。推迟青少年上学时间已被提议作为一项政策改变，以解决该人群睡眠不足的问题，并有可能提高学生的学习成绩、减少危险行为并改善健康。本文回顾了 38 份报告，这些报告研究了青少年学生上学时间、睡眠和其他结果之间的关联。大多数研究提供的证据表明，延迟上学时间可以增加青少年工作日夜间的睡眠时间，主要是通过延迟起床时间来实现。大多数研究发现，即使开始时间相对较小地延迟半小时左右，睡眠时间也显着增加。较晚的上课时间通常还可以提高出勤率、减少迟到、减少在课堂上打瞌睡、提高成绩以及减少机动车事故。尽管需要进行额外的研究，但应将现有的研究结果传播给利益相关者，以便制定基于证据的学校政策。
Insufficient sleep in adolescents has been shown to be associated with a wide variety of adverse outcomes, from poor mental and physical health to behavioral problems and lower academic grades. However, most high school students do not get sufficient sleep. Delaying school start times for adolescents has been proposed as a policy change to address insufficient sleep in this population and potentially to improve students’ academic performance, reduce engagement in risk behaviors, and improve health. This paper reviews 38 reports examining the association between school start times, sleep, and other outcomes among adolescent students. Most studies reviewed provide evidence that delaying school start time increases weeknight sleep duration among adolescents, primarily by delaying rise times. Most of the studies saw a significant increase in sleep duration even with relatively small delays in start times of half an hour or so. Later start times also generally correspond to improved attendance, less tardiness, less falling asleep in class, better grades, and fewer motor vehicle crashes. Although additional research is necessary, research results that are already available should be disseminated to stakeholders to enable the development of evidence-based school policies.