Shining light on the head: Photobiomodulation for brain disorders.
Shining light on the head: Photobiomodulation for brain disorders.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.bbacli.2016.09.002
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发表时间：
2016-12
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Hamblin, Michael R
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Hamblin, Michael R
光生物调节（PBM）描述了使用红光或近红外光来刺激，愈合，再生和保护受伤，退化或有死亡风险的组织。人体的器官系统之一，是生命最必要的，其最佳功能是人类最担心的，是大脑。大脑患有许多不同的疾病，这些疾病可以分为三大类：创伤性事件（中风、创伤性脑损伤和全脑缺血）、退行性疾病（痴呆、阿尔茨海默病和帕金森病）和精神疾病（抑郁、焦虑、创伤后应激障碍）。有一些证据表明，所有这些看似不同的条件可以通过将光线应用于头部而受到有益的影响。PBM甚至有可能用于增强正常健康人群的认知能力。在这种经颅PBM（tPBM）应用中，由于近红外（NIR）光具有更好的穿透性（无毛发，波长更长），因此通常将其应用于前额。一些工人使用激光，但最近引入廉价的发光二极管（LED）阵列，使发光头盔或“脑帽”的发展成为可能。这篇综述将涵盖光生物调节对大脑的作用机制，并总结了一些关键的临床前研究和临床试验，已进行了各种脑部疾病。近红外光可以穿透头部并到达大脑。NIR被线粒体中的细胞色素c氧化酶吸收。热门控离子通道也发挥作用。增加血流量，能量，神经保护，减少炎症，大脑修复可以治疗创伤性（中风，TBI），神经退行性疾病和精神疾病
Photobiomodulation (PBM) describes the use of red or near-infrared light to stimulate, heal, regenerate, and protect tissue that has either been injured, is degenerating, or else is at risk of dying. One of the organ systems of the human body that is most necessary to life, and whose optimum functioning is most worried about by humankind in general, is the brain. The brain suffers from many different disorders that can be classified into three broad groupings: traumatic events (stroke, traumatic brain injury, and global ischemia), degenerative diseases (dementia, Alzheimer's and Parkinson's), and psychiatric disorders (depression, anxiety, post traumatic stress disorder). There is some evidence that all these seemingly diverse conditions can be beneficially affected by applying light to the head. There is even the possibility that PBM could be used for cognitive enhancement in normal healthy people. In this transcranial PBM (tPBM) application, near-infrared (NIR) light is often applied to the forehead because of the better penetration (no hair, longer wavelength). Some workers have used lasers, but recently the introduction of inexpensive light emitting diode (LED) arrays has allowed the development of light emitting helmets or “brain caps”. This review will cover the mechanisms of action of photobiomodulation to the brain, and summarize some of the key pre-clinical studies and clinical trials that have been undertaken for diverse brain disorders. NIR light can penetrate the head and reach the brain. NIR is absorbed by cytochrome c oxidase in mitochondria. Heat-gated ion channels also play a role. Increased blood flow, energy, neuroprotection, less inflammation, brain repair Can treat traumatic (stroke, TBI), neurodegenerative and psychiatric diseases