Mechanism of mesenchymal stem cells in spinal cord injury repair through macrophage polarization.
Mechanism of mesenchymal stem cells in spinal cord injury repair through macrophage polarization.
复制标题
间充质干细胞通过巨噬细胞极化修复脊髓损伤的机制。
DOI：
10.1186/s13578-021-00554-z
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发表时间：
2021-02-23
影响因子：
7.5
通讯作者：
Li M
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
An N;Yang J;Wang H;Sun S;Wu H;Li L;Li M
脊髓损伤的治疗与康复一直是临床医学的一大难题。现代医学在改善脊髓损伤患者损伤神经功能方面进展甚微，主要是由于损伤后存在复杂的病理生理变化。脊髓损伤后发生的炎症反应与不同损伤部位免疫细胞随时间的不同功能有关。巨噬细胞是炎症反应的重要介质，分为M1和M2两种不同亚型，在脊髓损伤后不同时间发挥重要作用。间充质干细胞（Mesenchymal stem cells, MSCs）具有多向分化和免疫调节潜能，不同处理对巨噬细胞极化的影响不同。骨髓间充质干细胞移植已成为消除脊髓损伤神经损伤的一种很有前途的方法，可以帮助修复损伤的神经组织。治疗效果与诱导特异性免疫微环境的形成有关，通过影响巨噬细胞极化，控制脊髓损伤后继发性损伤的后果，协助功能恢复。在此，我们回顾了MSCs影响巨噬细胞诱导的特异性免疫微环境的机制，并讨论了改善脊髓损伤治疗的潜在研究途径。
Treatment and rehabilitation of spinal cord injury (SCI) is a major problem in clinical medicine. Modern medicine has achieved minimal progress in improving the functions of injured nerves in patients with SCI, mainly due to the complex pathophysiological changes that present after injury. Inflammatory reactions occurring after SCI are related to various functions of immune cells over time at different injury sites. Macrophages are important mediators of inflammatory reactions and are divided into two different subtypes (M1 and M2), which play important roles at different times after SCI. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are characterized by multi-differentiation and immunoregulatory potentials, and different treatments can have different effects on macrophage polarization. MSC transplantation has become a promising method for eliminating nerve injury caused by SCI and can help repair injured nerve tissues. Therapeutic effects are related to the induced formation of specific immune microenvironments, caused by influencing macrophage polarization, controlling the consequences of secondary injury after SCI, and assisting with function recovery. Herein, we review the mechanisms whereby MSCs affect macrophage-induced specific immune microenvironments, and discuss potential avenues of investigation for improving SCI treatment.
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