Aquatic habitat diversity along the corridor of an Alpine flood plain river (Fiume Tagliamento, Italy)n
Aquatic habitat diversity along the corridor of an Alpine flood plain river (Fiume Tagliamento, Italy)n
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高山洪泛平原河流走廊沿线的水生栖息地多样性（意大利菲乌梅塔利亚门托）n
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发表时间：
2000
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
J. Ward
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
D. Arscott;K. Tockner;J. Ward
栖息地结构和多样性进行了调查，在多个尺度沿着Tagenento河（NE意大利）分析的空间和时间配置的水生栖息地模板在一个复杂的冲积河流走廊在欧洲阿尔卑斯山。地貌的方法来确定河漫滩结构和渠道配置使用航空照片和数字化地图。结构，热，化学变量进行了采样，每月在3公里长的研究部分6个不同的地貌达到沿着纵向连续一年。水生生境的异质性和复杂性进行了量化沿着纵向尺寸（走廊规模），内地貌河段（河漫滩规模）和河漫滩水体（内栖息地规模）。水生生境的四个主要类型被区分：表面连接的渠道（SC），冲积渠道（AC），支流渠道（TC），和孤立的静止水体（ISO）。前3种类型包括一级、二级和三级分支加上回水。主动洪泛区宽度最大的岛屿编织下洪泛区（达到IV），也表现出最高值的水生栖息地面积每公里河流，水生-陆地交错带长度每公里河流，内洪泛区热异质性，水生栖息地多样性。主成分分析（PCA）清楚地区分从站在沃茨沿着主轴和基板梯度（纵向之间的洪泛平原和横向内洪泛平原）的次轴。PCA应用到21个化学变量说明了下游的洪泛平原规模的时空异质性增加沿着河流走廊。总的环境变化是相当大的增强叠加的纵向变化（走廊规模）的横向变化内的地貌河段（河漫滩规模）。这项研究清楚地表明，高水平的结构复杂性和栖息地的多样性，可能在阿尔卑斯山的河流，与环境异质性的重要作用，在维持功能的完整性的影响。
Habitat structure and diversity were investigated at multiple scales along the Tagliamento River (NE Italy) to analyze the spatial and temporal configuration of the aquatic habitat templet in a complex alluvial river corridor in the European Alps. A geomorphic approach was employed to determine floodplain structure and channel configuration using aerial photographs and digitized maps. Structural, thermal, and chemical variables were sampled monthly for one year in 3-km long study sections within six distinct geomorphic reaches along the longitudinal continuum. Aquatic habitat heterogeneity and complexity was quantified along the longitudinal dimension (corridor scale), within geomorphic reaches (floodplain scale) and within floodplain water bodies (within-habitat scale). Four major types of aquatic habitats were distinguished: surface-connected channels (SC), alluvial channels (AC), tributary channels (TC), and isolated standing water bodies (ISO). The first 3 types included primary, secondary, and tertiary branches plus backwaters. Active floodplain width was greatest in the island-braided lower floodplain (reach IV), which also exhibited the highest values for aquatic habitat area per river km, aquatic-terrestrial ecotone length per river km, within-floodplain thermal heterogeneity, and aquatic habitat diversity. Principal component analysis (PCA) clearly distinguished lotic from standing waters along the primary axis and substrate gradients (both longitudinally between floodplains and laterally within floodplains) on the secondary axis. PCA applied to 21 chemical variables illustrated a downstream increase in floodplain-scale spatio-temporal heterogeneity along the river corridor. Total environmental variance is considerably enhanced by the superimposition of longitudinal changes (corridor scale) on lateral changes within geomorphic reaches (floodplain scale). This study clearly demonstrated the high levels of structural complexity and habitat diversity that are possible in Alpine rivers, with implications for the important role of environmental heterogeneity in sustaining functional integrity.