The serious search for an anti-aging pill
The serious search for an anti-aging pill
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DOI：
10.1038/scientificamerican0802-36
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发表时间：
2002-08-01
影响因子：
3
通讯作者：
Roth, GS
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Lane, MA;Ingram, DK;Roth, GS
研究最充分的一种热量限制模拟物2DG（2-脱氧-D-葡萄糖），通过干扰细胞处理葡萄糖的方式起作用。它已被证明在某些剂量下对动物有毒，因此不能用于人类。但它已经证明，化学物质可以复制热量限制的效果;诀窍是找到正确的。细胞利用食物中的葡萄糖产生ATP（三磷酸腺苷），这种分子为体内许多活动提供动力（顶部序列）。更具体地说，在葡萄糖进入细胞后（蓝色箭头），细胞质和线粒体中的一系列酶反应一点一点地改变葡萄糖，最终产生将电子（e-）送入ATP制造机器的物质。电子从机器的一个组件转移到另一个组件，最终转移到氧气，导致质子（H+）流过一个名为ATP合酶的复合物，该复合物通过以下方式响应：
THE BEST-STUDIED CANDIDATE for a caloric-restriction mimetic, 2DG (2-deoxy-D-glucose), works by interfering with the way cells process the sugar glucose. It has proved toxic at some doses in animals and so cannot be used in humans. But it has demonstrated that chemicals can replicate the effects of caloric restriction; the trick is finding the right one.Cells use the glucose from food to generate ATP (adenosine triphosphate), the molecule that powers many activities in the body (top sequence). More specifically, after glucose enters cells (blue arrow), a series of enzymatic reactions in the cytoplasm and mitochondria of cells alter the glucose bit by bit, ultimately producing substances that feed electrons (e–) into the ATP-making machinery. Transfer of the electrons from one component of the machinery to another, and finally to oxygen, causes protons (H+) to flow through a complex named ATP synthase, which responds by