The Outcome-Representation Learning Model: A Novel Reinforcement Learning Model of the Iowa Gambling Task.

The Outcome-Representation Learning Model: A Novel Reinforcement Learning Model of the Iowa Gambling Task.
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DOI:
10.1111/cogs.12688
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发表时间:
2018-11
期刊:
影响因子:
2.5
通讯作者:
Ahn WY
Ahn WY
中科院分区:
心理学3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Haines N;Vassileva J;Ahn WY

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爱荷华州赌博任务(IGT)被广泛用于研究健康和精神疾病人群的决策。然而,IGT的复杂性使得很难将成绩的差异归因于特定的认知过程。为了解决这个问题,已经为IGT提出了几个认知模型,但目前还没有一个模型显示出短期和长期预测精度和参数恢复的最佳性能。在这里,我们提出了结果表征学习(ORL)模型,这是一种在竞争模型之间提供最佳折衷的新模型。我们在多个研究地点收集的393名受试者的数据上测试了ORL模型的性能,我们表明ORL模型揭示了使用总体进行实质性决策的不同模式。我们的工作突出了使用多模型比较度量来与认知模型进行有效推理的重要性,并揭示了在低估罕见事件中发挥作用的学习机制。
The Iowa Gambling Task (IGT) is widely used to study decision making within healthy and psychiatric populations. However, the complexity of the IGT makes it difficult to attribute variation in performance to specific cognitive processes. Several cognitive models have been proposed for the IGT in an effort to address this problem, but currently no single model shows optimal performance for both short- and long-term prediction accuracy and parameter recovery. Here, we propose the Outcome-Representation Learning (ORL) model, a novel model that provides the best compromise between competing models. We test the performance of the ORL model on 393 subjects’ data collected across multiple research sites, and we show that the ORL reveals distinct patterns of decision making in substance using populations. Our work highlights the importance of using multiple model comparison metrics to make valid inference with cognitive models and sheds light on learning mechanisms that play a role in underweighting of rare events.
工作记忆,强化学习和基于价值选择的努力之间的相互作用:精神分裂症的新范式和选择性缺陷。
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