Frames and Cages: The Repertory Grid Approach to Human Understanding
Frames and Cages: The Repertory Grid Approach to Human Understanding
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框架与笼子：人类理解的剧目网格方法
DOI：
10.1176/ajp.133.5.593
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发表时间：
1976
影响因子：
17.7
通讯作者：
W. A. Hunt
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
W. A. Hunt
剧目网格技术源于巴特乔治凯利的个人建构理论。凯利认为，理解一个人人格的关键在于他对世界的体验所形成的世界的表征或模型。通过要求被试对凯利所称的“要素”（如重要他人、自我、物体、情境或概念）进行评级，就可以获得这种个人结构和价值观。“这包括两极尺度，如胆小/大胆，有吸引力/没有吸引力，和可取/不可取的。这些评级可以在一个网格上进行关联，该网格提供了元素和结构之间相互关系的二维空间表示或投影。网格可能来自于对评级的简单经验分析或高度复杂的数学程序的应用。该技术是灵活的，因为它要求临床医生选择那些他认为与患者（或客户）问题相关的元素和结构。因此，一个家庭关系受到干扰的病人可能会被要求对重要的家庭成员和他自己进行评价，如友好/敌对，支配/顺从，令人愉快/令人不安。剧目网格作为一种技术是独立的理论框架内，它被应用。因此，虽然赖尔的取向是精神分析，但他的系统立场并没有改变基本的剧目网格方法论。相反，它表现在对要使用的元素和结构的选择以及对发现的临床解释中。赖尔开始与凯利的phiboso-phy的批判性评估，其次是剧目网格技术的阐述。他提供了大量的案例，并引用了cx实验文献，尽管并不广泛。然后，他将所有这些与他个人的分析立场结合起来。因此，这本书基本上由两个相互交织的部分组成：一个是对剧目网格技术的清晰阐述，另一个是对作者精神分析方法的清晰发展。任何人在阅读这本书后都应该理解并能够使用网格技术。然而.对里贝精神分析解释，不可避免地会产生一些分歧。作为一个理论家，他是激励，但他写了一个绝对权威的立场，使反对意见很少让步。人们不禁要问，他对凯利思想的强烈批评，有时是“天真、夸张和过度争论”，是否不会引起轰动--
The repertory grid technique stems from the bate George Kelly’s theory of personal constructs. For Kelly, the key to understanding the personality of an individual lies in the rep-resentations or models of the world that the individual has adopted as a result of his experience with it. Access to this personal structure of constructs and values is attained by asking the person to rate what Kelly termed“elements,” such as significant others, the self, objects, situations, or con-cepts, on a series of ‘‘constructs,’‘which consist of bipolar scales, such as timid/bold, attractive/unattractive, and desir-able/undesirable. These ratings may then be related on a grid that offers a two-dimensional spatial representation or pro-jection of the interrelationship between elements and con-structs. The grid may result from a simple empirical analysis of the ratings or from the application of highly sophisticated mathematical procedures. The technique is a flexible one because it calls for the clinician to select those elements and constructs which he feels are pertinent to the patient’s(or client’s) problems. Thus a patient with disturbed family relations might be asked to rate significant family members and himself on such dimensions as friendly/hostile, dominant/submissive, and pleasing/disturbing. The repertory grid as a technique is independent of the theoretical framework within which it is applied. Thus, although Ryle’s orientation is psychoanalytic, his systematic position does not alter the basic repertory grid methodology. Rather, it expresses itself in the choice of elements and con-structs to be used and in the clinical interpretation of find-ings. Ryle begins with a critical assessment of Kelly’s phiboso-phy, followed by an exposition of the repertory grid technique. He provides numerous case examples and cites the cx-perimental literature, albeit not extensively. He then in-tegrates all of this with his personal analytic position. Thus the book essentially consists of two intermingled parts: a clear exposition of the repertory grid technique and an equalby clear development of the author’s psychoanalytic approach.There can be little disagreement with the explanation of the technique. Anyone should understand and be abbe to use the grid technique after reading this book. However. some disagreement may inevitably arise with Rybe’s psychoanalytic interpretation. As a theoretician he is stimulating, but he writes with a definitely authoritative stance that makes few concessions to opposing views. One wonders whether his strong criticism of Kelly’s thinking as sometimes “naive, overstated, and overpolemical” may not boome-