Pregnancy remains, infant remains, or the corpse of a child? The incoherent governance of the dead foetal body in England
Pregnancy remains, infant remains, or the corpse of a child? The incoherent governance of the dead foetal body in England
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怀孕遗骸，婴儿遗骸，还是孩子的尸体？
DOI：
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发表时间：
2020
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
A. Middlemiss
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
A. Middlemiss
在英国法中，传统的观点是，人的人格是由活产产生的，亲属关系是由人与人之间的关系产生的，尸体是在人死亡时产生的，然后被埋葬或火化。人类怀孕所产生的生物，如果不符合这些论述的范畴，就被归类为“怀孕的生物”，没有人格或亲属关系，它们的处置被规定为人体组织。然而，本文认为，在英国，对死亡的、出生的、胎儿的身体的管理，实际上是通过对胎儿和婴儿的物质尸体的管理，产生了胎儿人格的形式。此外，将处置和死后决定的责任分配给死亡胎儿的亲属，也产生了胎儿人格的一种关系形式。在英国，通过对经历过胎儿死亡、早产和妊娠24周前因胎儿异常而终止妊娠的妇女进行实地调查，对中期妊娠丢失进行了检查，揭示了对死亡、出生、在英格兰，胎儿的身体是不连贯的。它也说明了这种不连贯性对父母选择的影响，这些选择是关于怀孕失败后与胎儿的物质身体有关的一系列行动。胎儿或婴儿。
ABSTRACT In English law, the conventional view is that human personhood is produced by live birth, kinship is produced by relations between persons, and corpses are produced on the death of persons, which are then buried or cremated. Beings produced by human pregnancy which do not fit these discursive categories are classified as ‘pregnancy remains’, have no personhood or kinship, and their disposal is regulated as human tissue. However, this paper argues that the governance of the dead, born, foetal body in England, in fact, produces forms of foetal personhood, through the regulation of the material dead bodies of foetuses and babies. Furthermore, the assignment of responsibility for disposal and post-mortem decisions to kin of the dead foetal being also produces a relational form of foetal personhood. The examination of second-trimester pregnancy loss in England through fieldwork with women who have experienced foetal death, premature labour, and termination for foetal anomaly before 24 weeks’ gestation reveals how governance of the dead, born, foetal body in England is incoherent.It also illustrates the effects of this incoherence on parental choices about the range of actions available after pregnancy loss in relation to the material body of the foetal being or baby.