Precision synthesis of linear oligorotaxanes and polyrotaxanes achieving well-defined positions and numbers of cyclic components on the axle
Precision synthesis of linear oligorotaxanes and polyrotaxanes achieving well-defined positions and numbers of cyclic components on the axle
复制标题
线性低聚轮烷和聚轮烷的精密合成，实现轴上循环部件的明确位置和数量
DOI：
10.1039/d1cc03507j
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发表时间：
2022
影响因子：
4.9
通讯作者：
Terao Jun
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Masai Hiroshi;Oka Yuki;Terao Jun
人们对大分子的兴趣越来越大，因为它们的功能特性可以使用精确的有机合成方法进行调整。例如，通过控制这种大分子的纳米级结构，已经赋予了期望的功能。特别是具有互锁结构的化合物，包括轮烷，由于其独特的超分子结构而引起人们的关注。在这样的超分子结构中，大环的移动性和自由度受到轴的限制，并依赖于其他大环的移动性和自由度，这赋予这些螺纹结构独特的功能。最近，用于超细工程和合成的方法，以及“定义的”轮烷结构的功能，所述轮烷结构在统计上不分散在轴上（即，控制环状分子的数量和位置）。各种合成策略允许获得这种明确定义的线性低聚和聚轮烷，包括[1]轮烷和[n]轮烷（大多数n > 3）。这些最先进的合成方法使得这些低聚和聚轮烷材料具有独特的功能。在此，我们回顾了有效的合成协议和功能的精确构建的一维低聚物和聚合物轴承定义的螺纹结构，并讨论了最新的报告和趋势。
Interest in macromolecules has increased because of their functional properties, which can be tuned using precise organic synthetic methods. For example, desired functions have been imparted by controlling the nanoscale structures of such macromolecules. In particular, compounds with interlocked structures, including rotaxanes, have attracted attention because of their unique supramolecular structures. In such supramolecular structures, the mobility and freedom of the macrocycles are restricted by an axle and dependent on those of other macrocycles, which imparts unique functions to these threaded structures. Recently, methods for the ultrafine engineering and synthesis, as well as functions, of “defined” rotaxane structures that are not statistically dispersed on the axle (i.e., control over the number and position of cyclic molecules) have been reported. Various synthetic strategies allow access to such well-defined linear oligo- and polyrotaxanes, including [1]rotaxanes and [n]rotaxanes (mostly n > 3). These state-of-the-art synthetic methods have resulted in unique functions of these oligo-and polyrotaxane materials. Herein, we review the effective synthetic protocols and functions of precisely constructed one-dimensional oligomers and polymers bearing defined threaded structures, and discuss the latest reports and trends.