Characterization of a Non-Flowering Cabbage Mutant Discovered 42 Years Ago
Characterization of a Non-Flowering Cabbage Mutant Discovered 42 Years Ago
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DOI：
10.2503/hortj.utd-277
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发表时间：
2021
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Y. Kinoshita;Koichi Motoki;M. Hosokawa
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文献类型：
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作者：
Y. Kinoshita;Koichi Motoki;M. Hosokawa
42年前，在开放授粉系“T15”中发现了一种不开花的天然白菜突变体。该突变体被命名为“nfc”（无花卷心菜），并通过扦插进行无性繁殖。“nfc”在春季几乎不开花，即使经过了大量的低温期。本研究对“nfc”的不开花性状进行了表征，并对其机制进行了推测。在第一个试验中，我们研究了‘ T15 ’和‘ nfc ’ 3年的开花特性。在3年的栽培期内，‘T15’植株全部开花，而扦插繁殖的‘nfc’植株在第1年、第2年和第3年的开花率分别为0%、32%和4%。近两年，对其他性状也进行了详细的研究。“nfc”开花植物的开花日期比“T15”晚，“nfc”的平均开花芽数比“T15”低。此外，“nfc”开花植物的顶芽即使在侧枝开花时也能继续营养生长。在第二个实验中，为了验证“nfc”是嵌合植物的假设，我们从“nfc”的叶肉原生质体研究了原生质体再生植物的开花特性。我们获得了来自nfc不同原生质体的菌落和每个菌落的再生植株（nfcPP系）。假设“nfc”是一种嵌合植物，在这种情况下，原生质体再生植物的开花特征应该与它们衍生的每个菌落相同。然而，开花植物和非开花植物都出现在同一个群体衍生的nfcPP系中。因此，我们认为nfc在开花特性上不是嵌合植物。这些结果表明，“nfc”是一个保持开花能力的突变体，但其开花受到结构特征以外的一些因素的强烈抑制。
A non-flowering natural cabbage mutant among the open-pollinated line ‘T15’ was found 42 years ago. The mutant was named ‘nfc’ (non-flowering cabbage) and has been propagated vegetatively by cuttings. ‘nfc’ hardly flowers during the spring season even after plenty of low-temperature periods. This study characterized the non-flowering trait of ‘nfc’ and assumed the mechanism. In the first experiment, we investigated the flowering characteristics of ‘T15’ and ‘nfc’ over three years. Throughout the 3-year cultivation period, all ‘T15’ plants flowered, while the flowering ratios of ‘nfc’ propagated by cuttings at the 1st, 2nd, and 3rd year were 0%, 32%, and 4%, respectively. In the last two years, other traits were also investigated in detail. The flowering dates of ‘nfc’ flowering plants were later than those of ‘T15’, and the average numbers of flowering shoots per flowering plant of ‘nfc’ were lower than those of ‘T15’. Moreover, the terminal bud of ‘nfc’ flowering plants continued to grow vegetatively, even when their lateral shoots flowered. In the second experiment, to verify the hypothesis that ‘nfc’ is a chimeric plant, we investigated protoplast-regenerated plants’ flowering characteristics from mesophyll protoplasts of ‘nfc’. We obtained colonies derived from different protoplasts of ‘nfc’ and regenerated plants from each colony (nfcPP lines). Suppose the ‘nfc’ is a chimeric plant, in that case, protoplast-regenerated plants’ flowering characteristics should be the same for each colony they derived. However, both flowering and non-flowering plants appeared in the same nfcPP lines derived from a single colony. From this, we concluded that ‘nfc’ is not a chimeric plant on flowering characteristics. These results indicate that ‘nfc’ is a mutant that maintains its flowering ability, but its flowering is strongly suppressed by some factors other than its structural characteristics.