Electrode Performance in Reversible Solid Oxide Fuel Cells
Electrode Performance in Reversible Solid Oxide Fuel Cells
复制标题
DOI：
10.1149/1.2710209
复制
发表时间：
2007-05
影响因子：
3.9
通讯作者：
O. Marina;L. Pederson;M. Williams;G. Coffey;Kerry D. Meinhardt;Carolyn D. Nguyen;E. Thomsen
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
O. Marina;L. Pederson;M. Williams;G. Coffey;Kerry D. Meinhardt;Carolyn D. Nguyen;E. Thomsen
长期以来，人们一直用电解法将水分解成氧和氢。各种电解槽已经被开发出来，并且今天是可商购的，包括基于质子交换膜、熔融碳酸盐、磷酸、碱和固体氧化物技术的那些。1-5这些系统中的一些是能够作为燃料电池和电解器两者操作的可逆系统，尽管燃料电池和电解器功能在单独的子系统中执行。可逆燃料电池可以在非高峰时段利用过剩的电网容量来生产氢燃料，以便在高电力需求期间稍后使用。功率单元燃料电池的大小适合于实际可逆燃料电池中的峰值负载，而电解槽的额定功率可以产生足够的氢气以在一天的剩余时间内对储氢容量进行再充电。如果能量转换，电到化学和化学到电，可以在同一设备中以合理的效率发生，则可能存在显著的总体成本效益。为了使固体氧化物电解电池SOEC具有商业利益，所产生的氢的成本必须与其他生产手段的成本竞争。电力成本是蒸汽电解中的重要因素，根据性能和成本，电力成本占电解产生的氢的75%至95
Electrolysis has long been used to dissociate water into its constituents of oxygen and hydrogen. Various electrolyzers have been developed and are commercially available today, including those based on proton exchange membranes, molten carbonate, phosphoric acid, alkaline, and solid oxide technology. 1-5 Some of these are reversible systems capable of operating both as a fuel cell and as an electrolyzer, although fuel cell and electrolyzer functions are carried out in separate subsystems. A reversible fuel cell can take advantage of excess electrical grid capacity during off-peak hours to produce hydrogen fuel, to be utilized later during periods of high electrical demand. The power unit fuel cell is sized for the peaking load in a practical reversible fuel cell, whereas the electrolyzer is rated at a power that can produce sufficient hydrogen to recharge the hydrogen storage capacity over the remaining hours of the day. If energy conversion, electrical to chemical and chemical to electrical, can occur in the same device with reasonable efficiencies, there could be significant overall cost benefits. For solid oxide electrolysis cells SOEC to be of commercial interest, the cost of the hydrogen produced must be competitive with that of other means of production. The cost of electricity is a significant factor in steam electrolysis, comprising 75% to 95% of that of electrolysis-derived hydrogen according to performance and cost