Next-Generation Digital Ecosystem for Climate Data Mining and Knowledge Discovery: A Review of Digital Data Collection Technologies.
Next-Generation Digital Ecosystem for Climate Data Mining and Knowledge Discovery: A Review of Digital Data Collection Technologies.
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DOI：
10.3389/fdata.2020.00029
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发表时间：
2020
影响因子：
3.1
通讯作者：
Wainstein M
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hsu A;Khoo W;Goyal N;Wainstein M
气候变化被称为“我们这个时代的决定性挑战”，但全球社会缺乏足够的信息来了解应对气候变化的行动是否成功或未能缓解气候变化。地球观测（EO）和物联网（IoT）等技术的出现有望在监测气候变化缓解的数据收集方面取得新的进展，特别是在政府主导的统计普查工作等传统数据探索和分析手段既昂贵又耗时的情况下。在这篇评论文章中，我们研究了数字数据技术，如EO（例如，遥感卫星、无人驾驶飞行器或UAV，通常来自太空）和IoT（例如，智能电表、传感器和执行器（通常来自地面）可以解决阻碍评估全球气候变化缓解进展的现有差距。我们认为，EO和物联网在推进大规模数据生成方面的潜力尚未得到充分挖掘，这些数据可以转化为改善气候变化数据收集的数据。最后，我们讨论了采用数字数据收集技术的系统如何利用分布式账本技术的进步来解决透明度，隐私和数据治理问题。
Climate change has been called “the defining challenge of our age” and yet the global community lacks adequate information to understand whether actions to address it are succeeding or failing to mitigate it. The emergence of technologies such as earth observation (EO) and Internet-of-Things (IoT) promises to provide new advances in data collection for monitoring climate change mitigation, particularly where traditional means of data exploration and analysis, such as government-led statistical census efforts, are costly and time consuming. In this review article, we examine the extent to which digital data technologies, such as EO (e.g., remote sensing satellites, unmanned aerial vehicles or UAVs, generally from space) and IoT (e.g., smart meters, sensors, and actuators, generally from the ground) can address existing gaps that impede efforts to evaluate progress toward global climate change mitigation. We argue that there is underexplored potential for EO and IoT to advance large-scale data generation that can be translated to improve climate change data collection. Finally, we discuss how a system employing digital data collection technologies could leverage advances in distributed ledger technologies to address concerns of transparency, privacy, and data governance.