C-elegans PAR proteins function by mobilizing and stabilizing asymmetrically localized protein complexes
C-elegans PAR proteins function by mobilizing and stabilizing asymmetrically localized protein complexes
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DOI：
10.1016/j.cub.2004.05.022
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发表时间：
2004-05-25
期刊：
影响因子：
9.2
通讯作者：
Goldstein, B
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Cheeks, RJ;Canman, JC;Goldstein, B
背景：PAR蛋白是动物发育过程中使细胞极化的一种古老且广泛保守的机制的一部分。在此，我们在模式生物秀丽隐杆线虫中结合遗传学和实时成像方法来剖析PAR蛋白使细胞极化的细胞机制。
结果：我们展示了PAR蛋白使秀丽隐杆线虫受精卵极化的两种不同机制。首先，我们表明PAR通路的几个组分在细胞内运动中起作用，产生细胞皮质的极化运动。我们提供的证据表明，这种皮质运动可能驱动必须不对称分布的细胞组分的运动，包括生殖系特异性核糖核蛋白复合物以及含有PAR蛋白自身的皮质结构域。其次，PAR - 1通过在皮质运动期间选择性地稳定那些到达富含PAR - 1的后细胞皮质的复合物，来优化生殖系核糖核蛋白复合物的不对称定位。
结论：这些结果确定了PAR蛋白使秀丽隐杆线虫受精卵极化的两种细胞机制，并且它们提示了PAR蛋白在不同动物系统中使细胞极化的机制。
Background: The PAR proteins are part of an ancient and widely conserved machinery for polarizing cells during animal development. Here we use a combination of genetics and live imaging methods in the model organism Caenorhabditis elegans to dissect the cellular mechanisms by which PAR proteins polarize cells.Results: We demonstrate two distinct mechanisms by which PAR proteins polarize the C. elegans zygote. First, we show that several components of the PAR pathway function in intracellular motility, producing a polarized movement of the cell cortex. We present evidence that this cortical motility may drive the movement of cellular components that must become asymmetrically distributed, including both germline-specific ribonucleoprotein complexes and cortical domains containing the PAR proteins themselves. Second, PAR-1 functions to refine the asymmetric localization of germline ribonucleoprotein complexes by selectively stabilizing only those complexes that reach the PAR-1-enriched posterior cell cortex during the period of cortical motility.Conclusions: These results identify two cellular mechanisms by which the PAR proteins polarize the C. elegans zygote, and they suggest mechanisms by which PAR proteins may polarize cells in diverse animal systems.