Comparison of bacterial communities in the alkaline gut segment among various species of higher termites
Comparison of bacterial communities in the alkaline gut segment among various species of higher termites
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DOI：
10.1007/s00792-005-0440-9
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发表时间：
2005-04
期刊：
影响因子：
2.9
通讯作者：
Taksawan Thongaram;Yuichi Hongoh;S. Kosono;M. Ohkuma;Savitr Trakulnaleamsai;N. Noparatnaraporn;T. Kudo
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Taksawan Thongaram;Yuichi Hongoh;S. Kosono;M. Ohkuma;Savitr Trakulnaleamsai;N. Noparatnaraporn;T. Kudo
某些高等白蚁后肠的第一直肠（P1）节显示出高碱性。我们研究了细菌多样性的碱性P1肠段的4种高等白蚁的T-RFLP和系统发育分析的基础上PCR扩增的16 S rRNA基因。各白蚁P1肠段的细菌群落与全肠的细菌群落明显不同。序列分析表明，厚壁菌门（梭菌和杆菌）占主导地位的P1段的所有四个白蚁，但白蚁之间的系统发育组成不同。虽然一些P1片段衍生的序列与以前报道的其他昆虫的碱性消化道的序列有关，但它们中的大多数形成了白蚁特有的系统发育簇。这种“白蚁P1簇”与已知的细菌物种以及自然界碱性环境中报道的序列有较远的关系。我们成功地获得了富集培养梭菌和芽孢杆菌相关的细菌，包括假定的新物种在厌氧碱性条件下从白蚁肠道。我们的研究结果表明，白蚁的碱性肠道区域具有独特的细菌谱系，预计将成为一个丰富的新的嗜碱菌尚未培养的水库。
The first proctodeal (P1) segment in the hindgut of certain higher termites shows high alkalinity. We examined the bacterial diversity of the alkaline P1 gut segments of four species of higher termites by T-RFLP and phylogenetic analyses based on PCR-amplified 16S rRNA genes. The bacterial community of the P1 segment was apparently different from that of the whole gut in each termite. Sequence analysis revealed that Firmicutes (Clostridia and Bacilli) were dominant in the P1 segments of all four termites; however, the phylogenetic compositions varied among the termites. Although some of the P1 segment-derived sequences were related to the sequences previously reported from the alkaline digestive tracts of other insects, most of them formed phylogenetic clusters unique to termites. Such “termite P1 clusters” were distantly related to known bacterial species as well as to sequences reported from alkaline environments in nature. We successfully obtained enrichment cultures of Clostridia- and Bacilli-related bacteria, including putative novel species under anaerobic alkaline conditions from the termite guts. Our results suggest that the alkaline gut region of termites harbors unique bacterial lineages and are expected to be a rich reservoir of novel alkaliphiles yet to be cultivated.