Scaling descriptors for language proficiency scales
Scaling descriptors for language proficiency scales
复制标题
语言能力量表的尺度描述符
DOI：
10.1177/026553229801500204
复制
发表时间：
1998
期刊：
影响因子：
4.1
通讯作者：
G. Schneider
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
B. North;G. Schneider
本文报告了瑞士国家科学研究委员会项目的结果，该项目旨在以“描述符库”的形式制定语言熟练程度的量表。到目前为止，大多数语言熟练程度的量表都是依靠直觉和已经存在的量表而不是语言描述或测量理论而产生的。该项目的目的是使用项目库方法来开发具有已知难度值的灵活规模的独立标准语句。该项目分两轮进行：第一轮针对英语（1994 年），第二轮针对法语、德语和英语（1995 年）。每年都会通过分析可用的熟练程度来产生描述符库。通过与代表性教师举行的研讨会，这些描述符被提炼成独立的标准声明，被认为是清晰、有用且与相关部门相关的。然后，参与教师使用问卷中选定的描述符来评估课堂上学习者的熟练程度。该数据用于使用 Rasch 评级量表模型来衡量描述符。事实证明，1994 年针对英语产生的描述符的难度估计与 1995 年针对法语、德语和英语的描述符的难度估计非常稳定。
This paper reports results from a Swiss National Science Research Council project which aimed to develop a scale of language proficiency in the form of a ‘descriptor bank’. Up until now, most scales of language proficiency have been produced by appeal to intuition and to those scales which already exist rather than to theories of linguistic description or of measurement. The intention in this project was to use an item-banking methodology to develop a flexible scale of stand-alone criterion statements with known difficulty values. The project took place in two rounds: the first for English (1994), the second for French, German and English (1995). In each year pools of descriptors were produced by analysing available proficiency scales. Through workshops with representative teachers, the descriptors were then refined into stand-alone criterion statements considered to be clear, useful and relevant to the sectors concerned. Selected descriptors presented on questionnaires were then used by participating teachers to assess the proficiency of learners in their classes. This data was used to scale the descriptors using the Rasch rating scale model. The difficulty estimates for the descriptors produced in relation to English in 1994 proved remarkably stable in relation to French, German and English in 1995.