Smoking knowledge and behavior in the United States: Sociodemographic, smoking status, and geographic patterns
Smoking knowledge and behavior in the United States: Sociodemographic, smoking status, and geographic patterns
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DOI：
10.1080/14622200802325873
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发表时间：
2008-01-01
影响因子：
4.7
通讯作者：
Hesse, Bradford W.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Rutten, Lila J. Finney;Augustson, Erik M.;Hesse, Bradford W.
吸烟是美国可预防死亡的主要原因，并与包括癌症和心血管疾病在内的几种可怕的健康后果有关。然而，对烟草使用相关风险的了解在人口中可能分布不均。我们分析了来自美国国家癌症研究所健康信息全国趋势调查（HINTS，2003）的数据，以描述美国成年人群中癌症预防和吸烟风险的现有知识，并确定相关的社会人口统计学，吸烟状况和地理因素。为了说明HINTS的复杂调查设计，使用SUDAAN计算人口估计数和置信区间。地理信息系统（GIS）的等值线图，以检查吸烟行为和知识。女性、非西班牙裔白人、高收入者和前吸烟者（与当前吸烟者相比）更有可能拒绝吸烟神话。与高中以下学历的受访者相比，拥有大学（OR=1.76）和大学学位（OR=2.13）的受访者报告了更准确的吸烟风险信念。前吸烟者（OR=2.53）和从不吸烟者（OR=3.26）比当前吸烟者报告了更准确的风险信念。女性（OR=0.38）、老年人（OR年龄65-79=0.69; OR年龄80+=0.48）和非西班牙裔黑人（OR=0.64）对肺癌死亡率的了解较低。地理信息系统分析显示，在烟草产量较高和烟草相关死亡率较高的地区，对吸烟风险的认识较低，烟草使用率较高。与烟草有关的知识、发病率和死亡率方面的差异突出表明，需要继续制定和提供有效的预防和治疗干预措施，以减轻与烟草有关的疾病给人口造成的负担。
Smoking is the leading cause of preventable death in the United States and has been linked to several dire health consequences including cancer and cardiovascular disease. However, knowledge of the associated risks of tobacco use may not be evenly distributed within the population. We analyzed data from the National Cancer Institute's Health Information National Trends Survey (HINTS, 2003) to characterize current knowledge of cancer prevention and smoking risk in the adult U.S. population and to identify associated sociodemographic, smoking status, and geographic factors. To account for the complex survey design of HINTS, SUDAAN was used to calculate population estimates and confidence intervals. Geographic Information System (GIS) isopleth maps were generated to examine smoking behavior and knowledge. Females, non-Hispanic Whites, those with higher incomes, and former smokers (compared with current smokers) were more likely to reject smoking myths. More accurate smoking risk beliefs were reported by respondents with some college (OR=1.76) and college degrees (OR=2.13) compared with those with less than a high school education. Former smokers (OR=2.53) and never-smokers (OR=3.26) reported more accurate risk beliefs than current smokers. Knowledge of lung cancer mortality was lower among females (OR=0.38), older adults (OR age 65-79=0.69; OR age 80+=0.48), and non-Hispanic Blacks (OR=0.64). GIS analyses revealed lower knowledge of smoking risk and higher tobacco use in the regions with higher tobacco production and higher tobacco-related mortality. Disparities in tobacco-related knowledge, morbidity, and mortality underscore the need for continued development and delivery of effective prevention and treatment interventions to reduce the population burden of tobacco-related disease.