Wind-driven trends in Antarctic sea-ice drift
Wind-driven trends in Antarctic sea-ice drift
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DOI：
10.1038/ngeo1627
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发表时间：
2012-12-01
影响因子：
18.3
通讯作者：
Kwok, Ron
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Holland, Paul R.;Kwok, Ron
在过去的几十年里，南极洲周围的海冰覆盖面积略有扩大（1,2）。这一微小的总体增加是不同部门中更大的相反趋势的总和，这些趋势已被提出是由大气温度或风应力（3-5）、降水（6,7）、海洋温度(8)以及大气或海洋反馈（9,10）的变化造成的。然而，气候模型未能重现海冰的总体增加（11）。在这里，我们提供了1992-2010年期间卫星跟踪的海冰运动数据集，揭示了南极冰漂移的巨大和统计上显著的趋势，在大多数部门，这可以与当地的风联系起来。我们量化了内部冰盖的动力和热力学过程，并表明在南极洲西部大部分地区，风驱动的冰平流变化是冰浓度趋势的主要驱动因素，而在其他地方，风驱动的热力学变化占主导地位。冰的漂移趋势还意味着驱动南极海洋环流的表面应力以及产生南极海底和中层水的热盐通量发生了巨大变化。
The sea-ice cover around Antarctica has experienced a slight expansion in area over the past decades(1,2). This small overall increase is the sum of much larger opposing trends in different sectors that have been proposed to result from changes in atmospheric temperature or wind stress(3-5), precipitation(6,7), ocean temperature(8), and atmosphere or ocean feedbacks(9,10). However, climate models have failed to reproduce the overall increase in sea ice(11). Here we present a data set of satellite-tracked sea-ice motion for the period of 1992-2010 that reveals large and statistically significant trends in Antarctic ice drift, which, in most sectors, can be linked to local winds. We quantify dynamic and thermodynamic processes in the internal ice pack and show that wind-driven changes in ice advection are the dominant driver of ice-concentration trends around much of West Antarctica, whereas wind-driven thermodynamic changes dominate elsewhere. The ice-drift trends also imply large changes in the surface stress that drives the Antarctic ocean gyres, and in the fluxes of heat and salt responsible for the production of Antarctic bottom and intermediate waters.