Now We're Talking: Better Deliberation Groups through Submodular Optimization

Now We're Talking: Better Deliberation Groups through Submodular Optimization
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现在我们正在谈论:通过子模块优化更好的审议小组

DOI:
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发表时间:
2023
期刊:
AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence
影响因子:
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通讯作者:
Ariel D. Procaccia
Ariel D. Procaccia
中科院分区:
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文献类型:
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作者:
Jake Barrett;Y. Gal;Paul Gölz;Rose M. Hong;Ariel D. Procaccia

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公民大会是由随机挑选的选民组成的团体,他们的任务是就政策问题提供建议。大会成员通过小组讨论(审议)的一系列讨论形成他们的建议,小组成员在讨论中交换论点和经验。我们寻求通过优化来支持这一进程,方法是研究如何在多个会议上将参与者分配到讨论组中,以最大化参与者之间的交互并满足每个组内的多样性限制。由于给定参与者之间的重复会议具有递减的边际回报,因此我们通过一个子模函数来捕获交互,该函数通过调用ILP解算器的贪婪算法进行近似优化。这个框架支持不同的子模目标函数,我们识别合理的选项,但我们也证明了没有必要致力于特定的选择:我们的主要理论结果是一个(实际上有效的)算法,它同时逼近我们感兴趣的形式的每个可能的目标函数。使用真实市民集会的数据进行的实验表明,我们的方法大大优于目前实践者使用的启发式算法。
Citizens’ assemblies are groups of randomly selected constituents who are tasked with providing recommendations on policy questions. Assembly members form their recommendations through a sequence of discussions in small groups (deliberation), in which group members exchange arguments and experiences. We seek to support this process through optimization, by studying how to assign participants to discussion groups over multiple sessions, in a way that maximizes interaction between participants and satisfies diversity constraints within each group. Since repeated meetings between a given pair of participants have diminishing marginal returns, we capture interaction through a submodular function, which is approximately optimized by a greedy algorithm making calls to an ILP solver. This framework supports different submodular objective functions, and we identify sensible options, but we also show it is not necessary to commit to a particular choice: Our main theoretical result is a (practically efficient) algorithm that simultaneously approximates every possible objective function of the form we are interested in. Experiments with data from real citizens' assemblies demonstrate that our approach substantially outperforms the heuristic algorithm currently used by practitioners.
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